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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 26.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Jul 14;140:104780. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104780

Figure 1:

Figure 1:

A timeline on when factors of interest emerge during adolescence: a) Puberty starts a cascade of changes including changes in circadian timing and sleep neurophysiology, which b) interact with ecological constraints, leading to c) an increase in sleep related problems. d) Sleep related problems increase propensity for repetitive negative thoughts, which in turn interrupt sleep. e) The dynamic interplay between these factors increase risk for developing internalizing psychopathology in mid- to late adolescence.