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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 26.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Mach Intell. 2022 Dec 1;4(12):1121–1129. doi: 10.1038/s42256-022-00563-8

Table 2.

Model performance (AUC) of the original VA model at VA and UM, by outcome stage, by sex

Outcome VA Test AUC (95% Cl) UM Test AUC (95% Cl)
All Female Male All Female Male
Multiclass
Original VA model 0.9742(0.9718, 0.9770) 0.9691(0.9413, 0.9846) 0.9744(0.9721, 0.9777) 0.8685(0.8644, 0.8726) 0.8689(0.8612, 0.8738) 0.8680(0.8620, 0.8740)
AKI-1+
Incidence 3.53%(23,957/678,516) 2.00%(745/37,226) 3.62(23,212/641,290) 3.76%(58,382/1,551,354) 3.18%(24,585/772,665) 4.34%(33,797/778,689)
Original VA model 0.8196(0.8168, 0.8223) 0.7943(0.7770, 0.8116) 0.8194(0.8166, 0.8222) 0.8469(0.8453, 0.8484) 0.8477(0.8453, 0.8501) 0.8439(0.8419, 0.846)
AKI-2+
Incidence 0.41 %(3,277/806,465) 0.34%(139/40,855) 0.41 %(3,138/765,610) 0.86%(15,076/1,753,474) 0.75%(6,472/857,809) 0.96%(8,604/895,665)
Original VA model 0.7741(0.7656, 0.7825) 0.7636(0.7191, 0.8080) 0.7749(0.7663, 0.7835) 0.6550(0.6494, 0.6606) 0.6504(0.6419, 0.6590) 0.6622(0.6549, 0.6695)
AKI-3+
Incidence 0.22%(1,775/821,316) 0.21 %(88/41,443) 0.22%(1,687/779,873) 0.39%(6,976/1,790,447) 0.32%(2,780/875,621) 0.46%(4,196/914,826)
Original VA model 0.8341(0.8248, 0.8433) 0.7111(0.6520, 0.7703) 0.8393(0.8300, 0.8486) 0.7981(0.7919, 0.8044) 0.7627(0.7518, 0.7737) 0.8271(0.8198, 0.8345)
AKI-3D
Incidence 0.11 %(940/839,964) 0.15%(61/42,071) 0.11 %(879/797,893) 0.08%(1,412/1,817,604) 0.07%(586/887,574) 0.09%(826/930,030)
Original VA model 0.9497(0.9429, 0.9565) 0.8927(0.8251, 0.9602) 0.9537(0.9487, 0.9588) 0.9558(0.9507, 0.9609) 0.9560(0.9480, 0.9641) 0.9550(0.9483, 0.9618)