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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 26.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Mach Intell. 2022 Dec 1;4(12):1121–1129. doi: 10.1038/s42256-022-00563-8

Extended Table 4.

Model performance (AUC) of the original and extended VA models at UM, by outcome stage, by race

Outcome UM Test AUC(95% Cl)
All Caucasian African American Other Unknown
Multiclass
Original VA model 0.8685(0.8644, 0.8726) 0.8697(0.8649, 0.8742) 0.8625(0.8500, 0.8714) 0.8689(0.8421, 0.8861) 0.8576(0.8375, 0.8916)
Extended VA model 0.8780(0.8749, 0.8826) 0.8799(0.8755, 0.8850) 0.8733(0.8622, 0.8806) 0.8759(0.8529, 0.8936) 0.8565(0.8385, 0.8885)
AKI-1+
Incidence 3.76%(58,382/1,551,354) 3.71 %(47,489/1,281,347) 4.22%(7,389/174,932) 3.49%(2,688/77,092) 4.54%(816/17,983)
Original VA model 0.8469(0.8453, 0.8484) 0.8460(0.8443, 0.8477) 0.8433(0.8390, 0.8476) 0.8561(0.8491, 0.8631) 0.8859(0.8762, 0.8957)
Extended VA model 0.8523(0.8508, 0.8538) 0.8514(0.8497, 0.8531) 0.8488(0.8446, 0.8530) 0.8624(0.8555, 0.8693) 0.8905(0.8811, 0.8999)
AKI-2+
Incidence 0.86%(15,076/1,753,474) 0.83%(12,064/1,445,319) 1.01 %(2,033/201,650) 0.80%(686/86,207) 1.44%(293/20,298)
Original VA model 0.6550(0.6494, 0.6606) 0.6519(0.6456, 0.6581) 0.6535(0.6383, 0.6687) 0.6680(0.6412, 0.6948) 0.7646(0.7312, 0.7980)
Extended VA model 0.8181(0.8138, 0.8224) 0.8158(0.8110, 0.8205) 0.8215(0.8101, 0.8330) 0.8406(0.8210, 0.8601) 0.8342(0.8040, 0.8644)
AKI-3+
Incidence 0.39%(6,976/1,790,447) 0.37%(5,451/1,475,447) 0.50%(1,038/206,309) 0.40%(350/87,868) 0.66%(137/20,742)
Original VA model 0.7981(0.7919, 0.8044) 0.7925(0.7853, 0.7998) 0.8187(0.804, 0.8333) 0.8063(0.7776, 0.8349) 0.8585(0.8190, 0.8979)
Extended VA model 0.8722(0.8666, 0.8778) 0.8763(0.8701, 0.8826) 0.8518(0.8366, 0.8670) 0.8626(0.8367, 0.8885) 0.8980(0.8632, 0.9327)
AKI-3D
Incidence 0.08%(1,412/1,817,604) 0.07%(981/1,496,642) 0.12%(258/210,914) 0.15%(134/89,093) 0.19%(39/20,955)
Original VA model 0.9558(0.9507, 0.9609) 0.9546(0.9483, 0.9609) 0.9584(0.9503, 0.9666) 0.9540(0.9354, 0.9725) 0.9581(0.9082, 1)
Extended VA model 0.9346(0.9258, 0.9433) 0.9375(0.9276, 0.9475) 0.9332(0.9118, 0.9546) 0.9299(0.9023, 0.9575) 0.8748(0.7809, 0.9687)