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. 2023 Dec 13;11:1282668. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1282668

Table 2.

Modalities and classes for the inhalation exposure parameters.

Parameters Description Class
Physical state Solids Pellets, chips, and solids with little brittleness Low
Powder or grains (e.g., crystallized sugar) Medium
Fine powder, airborne dust generation during handling (e.g., powdered sugar, flour, and plaster) High
Liquids Vapor pressure lower than 500 Pa Low
Vapor pressure between 500 and 10,000 Pa Medium
Vapor pressure above 10,000 Pa High
Gas Usually in a pressurized bottle High
Process Enclosed Any process that is completely contained Very low
Enclosed but regularly opened Any process that is confined but can be opened during the filling, emptying, or control phases Low
Open Any process where the material is localized without specific dispersion and without specific containment Medium
Dispersive Any process, which by the energy deployed or the absence of containment generates emissions into the working atmosphere High
Collective protective equipment Indoors Fume cupboard Very low
Other local exhaust ventilation (extractor hood, extraction slit, and extraction table) Low
General ventilation Medium
No extraction device High
Outdoors (natural ventilation) Medium
Daily amount < 10 g Very low
[10–100 g] Low
[100–1 kg] Medium
[1–10 kg] High
≥ 10 kg Very high
Duration < 15 min Very low
[15 min–1 h] Low
[1–4 h] Medium
≥ 4 h High

The modalities are ranked in relative terms, with regard to each parameter, and ranked from “very low” to “high”.