Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants based on predicted lean mass trajectory pattern
| Characteristics | Low stable | Low increasing | Moderately stable: Decreasing | Moderately stable: Increasing | High stable | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 12 060 | 8027 | 4725 | 8053 | 11 509 | ||
| Age (year) | 55.80 (12.35) | 53.37 (11.83) | 53.74 (11.08) | 52.18 (11.36) | 50.08 (11.20) | <0.001 | |
| Age (%) | <45 | 2148 (17.8) | 1770 (22.1) | 917 (19.4) | 1993 (24.7) | 3484 (30.3) | <0.001 |
| 45–54 | 3895 (32.3) | 2833 (35.3) | 1753 (37.1) | 2836 (35.2) | 4182 (36.3) | ||
| 55–64 | 3252 (27.0) | 2151 (26.8) | 1355 (28.7) | 2235 (27.8) | 2844 (24.7) | ||
| ≥65 | 2765 (22.9) | 1273 (15.9) | 700 (14.8) | 989 (12.3) | 999 (8.7) | ||
| Sex (%) | Men | 9516 (78.9) | 6250 (77.9) | 3926 (83.1) | 6341 (78.7) | 9016 (78.3) | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 163.84 (6.54) | 166.35 (6.31) | 168.36 (5.90) | 168.67 (6.23) | 169.72 (6.60) | <0.001 | |
| Weight (kg) | 60.06 (6.53) | 65.56 (6.48) | 73.88 (7.54) | 72.73 (7.18) | 80.51 (7.93) | <0.001 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.41 (2.41) | 23.73 (2.42) | 26.12 (2.97) | 25.61 (2.60) | 28.17 (2.95) | <0.001 | |
| BMI (%, kg/m2) | <18.5 | 9046 (75.0) | 4377 (54.5) | 1018 (21.5) | 2077 (25.8) | 683 (5.9) | <0.001 |
| 10.5–23.9 | 2832 (23.5) | 3331 (41.5) | 2742 (58.0) | 4709 (58.5) | 5136 (44.6) | ||
| ≥24 | 182 (1.5) | 319 (4.0) | 965 (20.4) | 1267 (15.7) | 5690 (49.4) | ||
| Waist circumference (cm) | 81.00 [75.50, 87.00] | 85.00 [80.00, 91.00] | 85.00 [80.00, 91.00] | 88.00 [82.00, 94.00] | 91.00 [85.00, 97.00] | <0.001 | |
| Sedentary time (%, h) | <8 | 9358 (77.6) | 6177 (77.0) | 3700 (78.3) | 6150 (76.4) | 8751 (76.0) | 0.005 |
| ≥8 | 2702 (22.4) | 1850 (23.0) | 1025 (21.7) | 1903 (23.6) | 2758 (24.0) | ||
| Regular physical activity (%) | Yes | 1815 (15.0) | 1072 (13.4) | 668 (14.1) | 1132 (14.1) | 1597 (13.9) | 0.011 |
| Smoke (%) | Yes | 4219 (35.0) | 2887 (36.0) | 1627 (34.4) | 2835 (35.2) | 3887 (33.8) | 0.025 |
| Alcohol consumer (%) | Yes | 4364 (36.2) | 3140 (39.1) | 1751 (37.1) | 3184 (39.5) | 4502 (39.1) | <0.001 |
| Salt consumption (%, g/day) | <6 | 1151 (9.5) | 752 (9.4) | 450 (9.5) | 734 (9.1) | 989 (8.6) | <0.001 |
| 6–10 | 9757 (80.9) | 6458 (80.5) | 3772 (79.8) | 6431 (79.9) | 9211 (80.0) | ||
| >10 | 1152 (9.6) | 817 (10.2) | 503 (10.6) | 888 (11.0) | 1309 (11.4) | ||
| Family history of tumour (%) | Yes | 396 (3.3) | 309 (3.8) | 174 (3.7) | 313 (3.9) | 447 (3.9) | 0.082 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.11 [0.79, 1.64] | 1.21 [0.84, 1.81] | 1.33 [0.97, 2.03] | 1.34 [0.95, 2.07] | 1.54 [1.08, 2.33] | <0.001 | |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.88 [4.24, 5.56] | 4.90 [4.25, 5.54] | 4.94 [4.29, 5.59] | 4.91 [4.28, 5.59] | 4.93 [4.30, 5.61] | <0.001 | |
| hs‐CRP (mg/L) | 0.60 [0.20, 1.93] | 0.61 [0.23, 1.73] | 0.71 [0.29, 1.90] | 0.71 [0.29, 1.90] | 0.88 [0.34, 2.10] | <0.001 | |
| Serum creatinine (μmoI/L) | 85.00 [73.00, 99.00] | 86.40 [74.00, 100.70] | 92.00 [77.70, 107.50] | 88.50 [75.70, 102.80] | 91.00 [77.00, 106.00] | <0.001 | |
| ALT (μ/L) | 16.20 [12.00, 22.00] | 18.00 [13.00, 24.00] | 19.00 [14.00, 25.00] | 19.00 [13.40, 26.00] | 20.00 [14.00, 27.00] | <0.001 | |
| Tbil (μmol/L) | 12.30 [9.80, 15.30] | 12.10 [9.80, 15.10] | 11.90 [9.90, 14.80] | 12.20 [9.90, 15.00] | 12.10 [9.70, 14.90] | 0.007 | |
| High‐fat diet (%) | Rare | 1186 (9.8) | 699 (8.7) | 389 (8.2) | 652 (8.1) | 882 (7.7) | <0.001 |
| Occasional | 9914 (82.3) | 6657 (83.0) | 3913 (82.8) | 6653 (82.7) | 9366 (81.4) | ||
| Frequent | 952 (7.9) | 665 (8.3) | 422 (8.9) | 742 (9.2) | 1256 (10.9) | ||
| Hypertension (%) | Yes | 3991 (33.1) | 2631 (32.8) | 2104 (44.5) | 3054 (37.9) | 5319 (46.2) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | Yes | 813 (6.7) | 510 (6.4) | 459 (9.7) | 566 (7.0) | 1002 (8.7) | <0.001 |
| Predicted lean mass 2006 (kg) | 42.86 (6.10) | 45.63 (6.16) | 52.09 (7.02) | 50.04 (7.07) | 56.10 (8.50) | <0.001 | |
| Predicted lean mass 2008 (kg) | 42.53 (5.83) | 46.64 (6.44) | 50.45 (7.23) | 49.62 (6.75) | 55.67 (8.31) | <0.001 | |
| Predicted lean mass 2010 (kg) | 42.66 (5.79) | 47.96 (6.58) | 46.41 (5.51) | 51.85 (7.19) | 55.32 (8.17) | <0.001 | |
| Predicted fat mass 2010 (kg) | 16.41 (4.58) | 19.02 (4.90) | 20.47 (4.65) | 21.87 (5.05) | 25.86 (5.59) | <0.001 |