Table 2.
Exploratory factor analysis of the PTGI-X-J-PWV among Japanese women after a cesarean section (α=0.94) (N=517)
| PTGI-X-J-PWV items and factors | F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | Original factor a |
|
| Factor 1 (7 items): Strength as Mothers (α=0.86) | ||||||
| 10 | I know better that I can handle difficulties. | 0.88 | –0.02 | –0.11 | 0.06 | III |
| 19 | I discovered that I’m stronger than I thought I was. | 0.70 | 0.15 | –0.17 | –0.12 | III |
| 4 | I have a greater feeling of self-reliance. | 0.63 | 0.05 | 0.29 | –0.18 | III |
| 12 | I am better able to accept the way things work out. | 0.58 | 0.06 | –0.05 | 0.27 | III |
| 11 | I am able to do better things with my life. | 0.57 | –0.13 | 0.26 | 0.17 | II |
| 25 | I have a greater sense of harmony with the world. | 0.38 | 0.32 | –0.12 | 0.07 | IV |
| 9 | I am more willing to express my emotions. | 0.37 | 0.24 | –0.09 | 0.26 | I |
| Factor 2 (5 items): Spiritual Change as Mothers (α=0.87) | ||||||
| 23 | I feel better able to face questions about life and death. | –0.01 | 0.68 | 0.15 | 0.00 | IV |
| 22 | I have greater clarity about life’s meaning. | 0.11 | 0.65 | 0.08 | 0.05 | IV |
| 20 | I learned a great deal about how wonderful people are. | 0.18 | 0.61 | 0.01 | 0.04 | I |
| 24 | I feel more connected with all of existence. | 0.02 | 0.60 | 0.02 | 0.20 | IV |
| 21 | I better accept needing others. | –0.16 | 0.57 | –0.13 | 0.49 | IV |
| Factor 3 (5 items): New possibilities as Mothers and Appreciation of Life (α=0.81) | ||||||
| 3 | I developed new interests. | –0.11 | –0.02 | 0.84 | 0.01 | II |
| 7 | I established a new path for my life. | –0.06 | 0.05 | 0.64 | 0.19 | II |
| 1 | I changed my priorities about what is important in life. | –0.14 | 0.12 | 0.63 | 0.11 | V |
| 14 | New opportunities are available which wouldn’t have been otherwise. | 0.17 | –0.05 | 0.47 | 0.20 | II |
| 2 | I have a greater appreciation for the value of my own life. | 0.07 | 0.44 | 0.46 | –0.31 | V |
| Factor 4 (5 items): Relating to Others as Mothers (α=0.82) | ||||||
| 16 | I put more effort into my relationships. | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.77 | I |
| 15 | I have more compassion for others. | –0.02 | 0.23 | 0.05 | 0.55 | I |
| 17 | I am more likely to try to change things that need changing. | 0.23 | –0.07 | 0.19 | 0.50 | II |
| 8 | I have a greater sense of closeness with others. | 0.05 | 0.14 | 0.12 | 0.50 | I |
| 6 | I more clearly see that I can count on people in times of trouble. | –0.05 | 0.31 | 0.04 | 0.35 | I |
Note. Exploratory factor analysis: principal factor method, Promax rotation.
a Original factors: I. Relating to Others; II. New Possibilities; III. Personal Strength; IV. Spiritual Change; V. Appreciation of Life.
PTGI-X-J-PWV: Postpartum Women Version of the Expanded Version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Japanese Version