Table 4.
Mean scores for the total scale of the PTGI-X-J-PWV (N=517)
| Characteristics | Mean | SD | p |
| Age (years) | |||
| Under 34 years old | 61.1 | (22.9) | 0.135 |
| 34 years old and above | 58.1 | (20.6) | |
|
Academic background
a
|
|||
| University and Graduate school | 55.6 | (20.3) | 0.001 |
| Without a degree | 62.1 | (22.8) | |
| Occupation | |||
| Worker | 59.2 | (21.8) | 0.848 |
| Housewife | 59.6 | (22.2) | |
| Parity | |||
| Primipara | 63.0 | (20.8) | 0.001 |
| Multipara | 56.6 | (22.5) | |
| Cesarean section | |||
| Elective cesarean section | 59.2 | (22.0) | 0.780 |
| Emergency cesarean section | 59.8 | (22.0) | |
| Number of children | |||
| Singleton | 58.7 | (22.0) | 0.048 |
| Twin | 64.8 | (21.4) | |
| Gestational age at birth | |||
| Term (37 weeks or more gestation) | 58.1 | (21.5) | 0.033 |
| Preterm (Less than 37 weeks gestation) | 62.7 | (22.9) | |
| Infant birth weight (g) | |||
| 2500 g or more | 58.7 | (21.9) | 0.324 |
| Less than 2500 g | 60.8 | (22.2) | |
| Hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit | |||
| Hospitalized newborn | 61.9 | (21.9) | 0.009 |
| No hospitalization | 56.8 | (21.9) |
a Missing data = 1
PTGI-X-J-PWV: Postpartum Women Version of the Expanded Version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Japanese Version
SD: standard deviation