Figure 4.

Li/(Li + Cu) ratio is calculated from various methods. The product of lithiation time and current is proportional to the maximally available amount of Li and is shown for different areas (−). The amounts determined from the ToF-SIMS depth profiles (●) mark the amount of Li placed in the absorber. From XRD (▲ and ■), Li occupying the lattice sites can be quantified. Quantification from ToF-SIMS and XRD was realized via calibration with ICP–MS results based on a recent work from Cabas-Vidani et al.⁴