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. 2023 Dec 23;15:1999–2013. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S433516

Table 3.

Comparison of Participant’s Responses About the Effect of COVID-19 on Menstruation During COVID-19 Infection and After Recovery from COVID-19

During COVID-19 Infection After Recovery from COVID-19 p
Changes in menstruation (n/%)
 Changes 91 (66.4%) 43 (31.4%) <0.001
 No changes 46 (33.6%) 94 (68.6%)
Menstrual cycle length (n/%)
 Earlier menstrual cycle 43 (31.4%) 19 (13.9%) <0.001
 Prolonged <7 days 14 (10.2%) 7 (5.1%)
 Prolonged 7–10 days 2 (1.5%) 5 (3.6%)
 Prolonged >10 days 2 (1.5%) 2 (1.5%)
 Unchanged 69 (50.4%) 100 (73.0%)
 Did not notice or forgot 7 (5.1%) 4 (2.9%)
Period duration (n/%)
 Shorter period 20 (4.6%) 10 (7.3%) <0.001
 Longer period 33 (24.1%) 13 (9.5%)
 Unchanged 76 (55.5%) 109 (79.6%)
 Did not notice or forgot 8 (5.8%) 5 (3.6%)
Menstrual flow (n/%)
 Lighter flow 29 (21.2%) 16 (11.7%) <0.001
 Heavier flow 31 (22.6%) 12 (8.8%)
 Unchanged 66 (48.2%) 103 (75.2%)
 Did not notice or forgot 11 (8%) 6 (4.4%)
Non menstrual bleeding (n/%)
 Mild bleeding 19 (13.9%) 10 (7.3%) <0.001
 Moderate bleeding 17 (12.4%) 4 (2.9%)
 Heavy bleeding 6 (4.4%) 2 (1.5%)
 Unchanged 91 (66.4%) 117(85.4%)
 Did not notice or forgot 4 (2.9%) 4 (2.9%)
Dysmenorrhea (n/%)
 Relieved 12 (8.8%) 2 (1.5%) <0.001
 Worsened 15 (10.9%) 7 (5.1%)
 Unchanged 106 (77.4%) 123 (89.8%)
 Did not notice or forgot 4 (2.9%) 5 (3.6%)