Figure 6.

Effects of fucoxanthin on intracellular ROS production in H₂O₂-treated PL-MSCs. (a) Fluorescent micrograph illustrating the intracellular ROS content in PL-MSCs after 24 h of co-treatment with 750 μM H₂O₂ and fucoxanthin. (b) Relative fluorescence intensity of the intracellular ROS content in PL-MSCs after 24 h of co-treatment with H₂O₂ and fucoxanthin. (c) Fluorescent micrographs illustrated the intracellular ROS content in PLMSCs that were pre-treated with fucoxanthin for 24 h, followed by treatment with 750 μM H₂O₂ for 24 h. (d) Relative fluorescence intensity of the intracellular ROS content in PL-MSCs pre-treatment with fucoxanthin for 24 h, followed by treatment with H₂O₂ for 24 h. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 3. Statistical significance was tested using the pair T-test. ^#p ≤ 0.001 vs. PL-MSCs cultured in completed DMEM medium. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, and ***p ≤ 0.001 vs. H₂O₂-treated PL-MSCs without fucoxanthin. Green = DCF-DA, Blue = Hoechst33342.