Table 1. Cohort characteristics (N=82).
| Variable | (−) ECG (N=73) | (+) ECG (N=9) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 59.3±10.0 | 58.6±13.9 | 0.853 |
| Race: White, n (%) | 56 (77.8) | 7 (77.8) | 0.792 |
| History of diabetes, n (%) | 19 (26.8) | 4 (44.4) | 0.271 |
| History of hypertension, n (%) | 39 (54.9) | 5 (55.6) | 0.999 |
| Family history of coronary disease, n (%) | 41 (60.3) | 1 (11.1) | 0.009 |
| History of dyslipidemia, n (%) | 35 (52.2) | 3 (42.9) | 0.707 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 13 (18.3) | 2 (22.2) | 0.378 |
| Baseline medications, n (%) | |||
| ACE-I/ARB | 23 (32.4) | 1 (11.1) | 0.266 |
| Beta blockers | 16 (22.5) | 2 (22.2) | 0.999 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 22 (31.0) | 3 (33.3) | 0.999 |
| Nitrates | 14 (19.7) | 3 (33.3) | 0.392 |
| Statins | 22 (31.0) | 2 (22.2) | 0.717 |
| Aspirin | 42 (59.2) | 3 (33.3) | 0.169 |
| Vasodilators | 5 (7.0) | 3 (33.3) | 0.042 |
| WMA on baseline echo | 8 (11.0) | 2 (22.2) | 0.301 |
| Peak HR (mean ± SD) | 142.6±11.2 | 143.2±18.0 | 0.9273 |
| Peak systolic blood pressure (mean ± SD) | 162.5±30.4 | 175.1±34.0 | 0.2506 |
| Sharaf-Gensini Severity Score (mean ± SD) | 10.8±11.0 | 20.4±17.1 | 0.1080 |
| Coronary artery disease (% stenosis), n (%) | 0.672 | ||
| <20% | 28 (38.9) | 2 (22.2) | |
| 20–49% | 24 (33.3) | 4 (44.4) | |
| ≥50% | 20 (27.8) | 3 (33.3) | |
| Mortality, n (%) | 13 (18.1) | 4 (44.4) | 0.087 |
| MACE, n (%) | 19 (26.4) | 6 (66.7) | 0.022 |
Percentages exclude missing data. SD, standard deviation; ACE-I, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; WMA, wall motion abnormalities, HR, heart rate, MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event.