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. 2023 Dec 13;25:e51336. doi: 10.2196/51336

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©Keita Kawai, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Seiko Miyata, Ippei Okada, Hiroshige Fujishiro, Akiko Noda, Kazuyuki Nakagome, Norio Ozaki, Masashi Ikeda. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 13.12.2023.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

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Comparison of sleep parameters for each sleep measure. The y-axis in total sleep time (TST) and wake after sleep onset (WASO) represent minutes, while the y-axis in sleep efficiency (SE) represents percentages. PSG: polysomnography.