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Loop decomposition of a nested RNA structure into hairpin loops (no enclosed base pairs), stackings (adjacent enclosed base pairs), bulges (only one side adjacent to enclosed base pair), multibranched loops (more than one directly enclosed base pair), interior loops (no stacked enclosed base pairs), pseudoknots (nucleotides in a loop pair with a region outside the helices that close the loop) and stem-loops (combination of the stem, double helix, and a loop) (adapted from [256]).
