Table 2. Some Previously Published Works on the Adsorptive Removal of IPM Using ACa.
| type of AC | matrix tested | implemented technology | removal efficiency [%] | qe [mg/g] | reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| commercial powdered AC (PAC) | WWTP Schonerlinde effluent sample | horizontal lab shaker | (44) | ||
| granular AC (GAC) | mixture of 10 pollutants (IPM standard) | fixed-bed filters | fresh GAC = 90, used GAC = 30 | (45) | |
| precursor of granules of expanded corkboard | IPM supplied by Hovione | batch system | S800 = 90, CP = 70, VP = 65 | S800 = 137, CP = 123, VP = 115.5 | (46) |
| sucrose-derived ACs | IPM supplied by Hovione | batch system | SH800 = 89.6, SC800 = 16, NS = 42.9 | SH800 = 806, SC800 = 144, NS = 386 | (47) |
| wood powder AC (WPAC) peat powder AC (PPAC) peat granular AC (PGAC) Coconut powder AC (CPAC) | IPM supplied by Bracco | batch and flow study | PGAC = 25, PPAC = 62, WPAC = 82, CPAC = 95 | PGAC = 120, PPAC = 350, WPAC = 450, CPAC = 500 | (48) |
| lab-made carbons compared with commercial AC (CP, VP) | IPM supplied by Hovione | glass vials | CP = 70, VP = 65, S3 = 25 | CP = 150, VP = 140, S3 = 110 | (17) |
a
Removal efficiency [%] = [(C0 – Ce)/C0] × 100, where C0 and Ce are the initial and equilibrium IPM concentrations. qe [mg/g]: amount of IPM adsorption at equilibrium, (see eq 1). S800: activation of the solid with steam at 800 °C. SH800: activation of the solid with KOH at 800 °C. SC800: activation of the solid with K2CO3 at 800 °C. CP, VP, NS: commercial carbons.