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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 28.
Published in final edited form as: J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2023 Apr 14;34(3):248–258. doi: 10.1097/JNC.0000000000000401

Table 1.

Demographic Characteristics and Sexual Behaviors among Male Sex Workers (N=158)

Demographic Characteristics
Variable Mean [SD]
Age 26.2 [5.8]
Age at which participant had first commercial sex encounter 18.0 [4.6]
N (%)
Education
 None, or only literacy
 Primary incomplete
 Primary complete, no secondary
 Secondary incomplete
 Secondary complete
 Technical college complete
 University complete

7 (4.4%)
30 (19.0%)
36 (22.8%)
25 (15.8%)
43 (27.2%)
11 (7.0%)
6 (3.8%)
Participant is living with HIV (yes) 21 (13.3%)
Participant has had an STI in the past year (yes) 41 (26.1%)
Sexual Behaviors
Mean [SD]
Number of male sex work clients in the past month 6.0 [10.4]
Number of commercial sex acts in the past 7 days 3.9 [3.8]
Number of commercial sex acts in the past month 16.5 [15.1]
Number of men with whom the participant had anal sex in the last month (paying and non-paying partners) 11.7 [10.3]
Participant’s perception of HIV risk
 No risk at all for HIV
 Risk of HIV is small
 Risk of HIV is moderate
 Risk of HIV is high

9 (6.8%)
48 (36.4%)
23 (17.4%)
48 (36.4%)
N (%)
a Always used condoms with male (clients) in the past month (yes) 101 (64.3%)
a Always used condoms with male (clients) in the past week (yes) 118 (75.2%)
Number of weeks per month participant visits bars or nightclubs for sex work
 About 4 weeks per month
 About 3 weeks per month
 About 2 weeks per month
 About 1 week per month

137 (86.7%)
12 (7.6%)
8 (5.1%)
1 (0.63%)
Sex partners and types of sexual practices
 Participant had a female partner
   Participant had vaginal sex with female partner
   Participant had anal sex with female partner
   Participant had both vaginal and anal sex with female partner
  Participant had a male partner
   Participant had receptive anal sex with male partner
   Participant had insertive anal sex with a male partner
   Participant had both receptive and insertive anal sex with a male partner

27 (17.1%)
11 (7.0%)
0 (0.0%)
1 (0.6%)

157 (99.4%)
90 (57.3%)
23 (14.7%)
44 (28.0%)
Reasons for not using condoms with a paying partner (n=56 reported condomless sex with a paying partner)
 Client refused
 Participant trusts the client
 Participant was drunk or using drugs
 Client offered to pay more for condomless sex
 No condoms were available
 Client was drunk or using drugs
 Participant prefers sex without a condom
 Participants knows that the client is not living with HIV
 Participant feels that condoms decrease sexual pleasure
 Other

21 (37.5%)
18 (32.1%)
14 (25.0%)
13 (23.2%)
11 (19.6%)
5 (8.9%)
5 (8.9%)
2 (3.6%)
1 (1.8%)
3 (5.4%)
Participant reports that it is easy to obtain male condoms 154 (97.5%)
Participant reports that it is easy to obtain lubricant 119 (81.0%)
a

Designates dependent variables