Table 3.
Demographics and rib fracture features of the three bone mineral density groups in the prospective cohort.
| Parameter | Overall | Normal BMD | Osteopenia | Osteoporosis | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 205 | 92 (44.9%) | 74 (36.1%) | 39 (19.0%) | |
| Women | 90 (43.9%) | 30 (32.6%) | 37 (50.0%) | 23 (59.0%) | 0.009 |
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 55 (44–64) | 45 (37–55) | 58 (51–66) | 67 (60–71) | <0.001 |
| >55years old | 94 (45.9%) | 19 (20.7%) | 41 (55.4%) | 34 (87.2%) | <0.001 |
| Rib fracture | 200 (97.6%) | 87 (94.6%) | 74 (100.0%) | 39 (100.0%) | 0.082 |
| Number of ribs fractured, median (IQR) | 5 (4–7) | 4 (3–6) | 5 (4–7) | 7 (4–10) | <0.001 |
| Number of places fractured, median (IQR) | 6 (4–10) | 5 (3–7) | 6 (5–10) | 10 (6, 14) | <0.001 |
| Flail chest | 50 (24.4%) | 13 (14.1%) | 21 (28.4%) | 16 (41.0%) | 0.003 |
| Location of fractured ribs | |||||
| 1–3 | 132 (63.4%) | 49 (53.3%) | 47 (63.5%) | 33 (92.3%) | <0.001 |
| 4–7 | 188 (91.7%) | 77 (83.7%) | 72 (97.3%) | 39 (100.0%) | 0.001 |
| 8–12 | 94 (45.9%) | 40 (43.5%) | 33 (44.6%) | 21 (53.8%) | 0.533 |
| Fracture type | |||||
| Group 1 | 93 (50.8%) | 43 (53.8%) | 36 (53.7%) | 14 (38.9%) | 0.262 |
| Group 2 | 53 (29.0%) | 18 (22.5%) | 21 (31.3%) | 14 (38.9%) | |
| Group 3 | 37 (20.2%) | 19 (23.8%) | 10 (14.9%) | 8 (22.2%) | |
| Event type | |||||
| Traffic accident (patients as passengers or drivers) | 169 (82.4%) | 74 (80.4%) | 65 (87.8%) | 30 (76.9%) | 0.261 |
| Traffic accident (patients as pedestrians) | 20 (9.8%) | 8 (8.7%) | 6 (8.1%) | 6 (15.4%) | |
| Falls | 4 (2.0%) | 1 (1.1%) | 2 (2.7%) | 1 (2.6%) | |
| Violent acts | 12 (5.9%) | 9 (9.8%) | 1 (1.4%) | 2 (5.1%) | |
BMD, bone mineral density; IQR, interquartile range.