Table 3.
Characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent laparoscopic pyelolithotomy.
| Stone free rate; number (%) | Fever; number (%) | Operation duration, minutes; Mean ± SD | Complication; number (%) | Hospitalization (days); Mean ± SD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | |||
| Age categories | ||||||||
| Child | 10 (83) | 2 (17) | 6 (50) | 6 (50) | 145 ± 55 | 7 (58) | 5 (42) | 4.0 ± 1.9 |
| Adult | 364 (88) | 48 (12) | 116 (28) | 296 (72) | 159 ± 50 | 176 (43) | 236 (57) | 4.0 ± 2.1 |
| Geriatric | 11 (92) | 1 (8) | 3 (25) | 9 (75) | 160 ± 58 | 4 (33) | 8 (67) | 4.1 ± 0.8 |
| P-value | 0.87 | 0.27 | 0.63 | 0.45 | 0.31 | |||
| Stone location | ||||||||
| Single calyx/Single Pelvis | 277 (91) | 26 (9) | 82 (27) | 221 (73) | 153 ± 49 | 124 (41) | 179 (59) | 3.8 ± 2.2 |
| Multiple/Staghorn | 108 (81) | 25 (19) | 43 (32) | 90 (68) | 171 ± 51 | 63 (47) | 70 (53) | 4.3 ± 2.0 |
| P-value | 0.002 | 0.26 | < 0.001 | 0.21 | 0.05 | |||
| Normal anatomy | ||||||||
| Yes | 323 (88) | 45 (12) | 111 (30) | 257 (70) | 157 ± 51 | 158 (43) | 210 (57) | 4.1 ± 2.2 |
| No | 62 (91) | 6 (9) | 14 (21) | 54 (79) | 165 ± 45 | 29 (43) | 39 (57) | 3.5 ± 1.7 |
| P-value | 0.42 | 0.11 | 0.27 | 0.96 | 0.06 | |||
| Solitary kidney | ||||||||
| Yes | 7 (100) | 0 (0) | 1 (14) | 6 (86) | 178 ± 75 | 1 (14) | 6 (86) | 3.6 ± 1.0 |
| No | 378 (88) | 51 (12) | 124 (29) | 305 (71) | 158 ± 50 | 186 (43) | 243 (57) | 4.0 ± 2.2 |
| P-Value | 1.0 | 0.68 | 0.31 | 0.25 | 0.62 | |||
| Pre-operative creatinine; mg/dl | ||||||||
| Cr ≤ 1.5 | 308 (89) | 37 (11) | 97 (28) | 248 (72) | 160 ± 51 | 146 (42) | 199 (58) | 3.9 ± 1.9 |
| 1.51 < Cr < 3 | 64 (85) | 12 (15) | 22 (27) | 59 (73) | 157 ± 48 | 33 (41) | 48 (59) | 3.9 ± 1.9 |
| Cr ≥ 3 | 8 (80) | 2 (20) | 6 (60) | 4 (40) | 139 ± 47 | 8 (80) | 2 (20) | 7.6 ± 5.4 |
| P-value | 0.42 | 0.08 | 0.42 | 0.05 | 0.02 | |||
| History of prior intervention for kidney stone; | ||||||||
| No | 320 (89) | 40 (11) | 104 (29) | 256 (71) | 158 ± 49 | 154 (43) | 206 (57) | 3.9 ± 2.1 |
| ESWL | 30 (83) | 6 (17) | 12 (33) | 24 (67) | 160 ± 47 | 16 (44) | 20 (56) | 4.4 ± 2.1 |
| PCNL | 19 (86) | 3 (14) | 5 (23) | 17 (77) | 154 ± 36 | 8 (36) | 14 (64) | 3.3 ± 1.0 |
| OSS | 16 (89) | 2 (11) | 4 (22) | 17 (77) | 170 ± 81 | 9 (50) | 9 (50) | 5.1 ± 3.3 |
| P-value | 0.66 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.85 | 0.04 | |||
Cr creatinine, ESWL extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, PCNL percutaneous nephrolithotomy, OSS open stone surgery.