Table 2.
Variables | Depression (K-BDI-II) |
Anxiety (K-BAI) |
Sleep quality (ISI) | Suicide risk (MINI) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M (SD) or r |
p | M (SD) or r |
p | M (SD) or r |
p | M (SD) or r |
p | |
Sexa | ||||||||
Male | 14.3 (9.9) | .143 | 7.9 (7.8) | .133 | 4.5 (4.6) | .102 | 1.7 (3.1) | .205 |
Female | 17.2 (13.3) | 10.8 (11.9) | 5.8 (5.7) | 2.4 (3.6) | ||||
Religiona | ||||||||
Yes | 13.7 (10.3) | .065 | 7.7 (7.2) | .177 | 4.8 (5.0) | .921 | 1.7 (2.8) | .685 |
No | 16.5 (11.8) | 9.8 (11.3) | 4.7 (4.8) | 1.9 (3.4) | ||||
Care givera | ||||||||
Family | 14.6 (10.6) | .577 | 8.6 (8.3) | .875 | 4.8 (4.8) | .928 | 1.6 (2.7) | .155 |
Paid caregiver | 15.4 (11.1) | 8.4 (10.0) | 4.7 (5.1) | 2.3 (3.8) | ||||
Marital statusa | ||||||||
Married | 15.0 (10.9) | .942 | 8.0 (7.0) | .353 | 4.5 (4.4) | .380 | 1.5 (2.9) | .023 |
Unmarried | 15.1 (10.7) | 9.3 (10.0) | 5.2 (5.8) | 2.8 (3.8) | ||||
Employment statusa | ||||||||
Yes | 13.8 (10.7) | .189 | 8.3 (7.8) | .840 | 4.2 (4.6) | .231 | 1.7 (3.3) | .337 |
No | 15.8 (11.0) | 8.6 (8.6) | 5.1 (5.1) | 2.1 (3.3) | ||||
AISa | ||||||||
A | 15.9 (11.4) | .376 | 8.0 (9.9) | .654 | 5.0 (4.7) | .649 | 1.8 (3.2) | .787 |
B, C, D | 14.6 (10.6) | 8.7 (8.8) | 4.7 (5.1) | 1.9 (3.3) | ||||
Level of injurya | ||||||||
Tetraplegia | 15.9 (11.7) | .185 | 9.8 (11.5) | .066 | 5.0 (4.9) | .473 | 2.2 (3.6) | .150 |
Paraplegia | 14.0 (9.9) | 7.3 (5.0) | 4.5 (5.0) | 1.5 (2.6) | ||||
Etiologya | ||||||||
Traumatic | 15.2 (10.9) | .434 | 8.7 (9.9) | .719 | 4.7 (4.8) | .619 | 1.8 (3.3) | .572 |
Non-traumatic | 14.0 (10.8) | 8.1 (6.8) | 5.1 (5.2) | 2.1 (3.1) | ||||
Spasticitya | ||||||||
Yes | 16.7 (11.6) | .125 | 9.3 (8.2) | .474 | 5.0 (5.1) | .670 | 2.4 (3.7) | .111 |
No | 14.3 (10.5) | 8.3 (9.3) | 4.7 (4.8) | 1.6 (3.0) | ||||
Paina | ||||||||
Yes | 15.1 (10.9) | .835 | 8.9 (8.6) | .434 | 5.0 (4.9) | .415 | 1.8 (2.7) | .650 |
No | 14.8 (10.9) | 7.7 (9.9) | 4.4 (4.9) | 2.0 (4.2) | ||||
Ageb | 0.07 | .257 | 0.04 | .645 | 0.08 | .229 | − 0.153 | .024 |
Time duration from the injuryb | 0.12 | .069 | 0.13 | .079 | 0.06 | .421 | 0.043 | .529 |
ISI, Insomnia Severity Index; K-BAI, Korean Beck Anxiety Index; K-BDI-II, Korean Beck Depression Inventory II; MINI, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; SD, standard deviation.
Tests: aStudent’s t-test, bPearson’s r correlation. Bold values: p < .05.