Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of participants based on DASH diet tertiles.
| Dietary approaches to stop hypertension | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | p for trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 38.68 (0.30) | 39.65 (0.36) | 42.33 (0.99) | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.15 (0.17) | 28.09 (0.21) | 27.70 (0.60) | < 0.001 |
| LumbarSpineBMD (g/cm2) | 1.04 (0.01) | 1.03 (0.01) | 1.03 (0.01) | 0.120 |
| PelvicBMD (g/cm2) | 1.26 (0.01) | 1.24 (0.01) | 1.20 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
| ThoracicSpineBMD (g/cm2) | 0.83 (0.01) | 0.81 (0.01) | 0.80 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
| Total BMD (g/cm2) | 1.12 (0.01) | 1.11 (0.01) | 1.10 (0.01) | < 0.001 |
| Sex (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Male | 53.96 | 48.28 | 38.17 | |
| Female | 46.04 | 51.72 | 61.83 | |
| Race (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Mexican American | 9.50 | 10.29 | 13.62 | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 64.04 | 62.44 | 57.98 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 12.22 | 7.88 | 8.46 | |
| Other Race | 14.24 | 19.39 | 19.94 | |
| Education level (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Less than 9th grade | 2.70 | 4.02 | 4.64 | |
| 9–11th grade (Includes 12th grade with no diploma) 9.23 | 7.44 | 3.81 | ||
| High school graduate/GED or equivalent | 22.82 | 19.78 | 14.03 | |
| Some college or AA degree | 34.44 | 30.83 | 26.57 | |
| College graduate or above | 30.82 | 37.93 | 50.95 | |
| Marital status (%) | 0.250 | |||
| Married | 50.73 | 52.37 | 52.47 | |
| Widowed | 1.27 | 0.75 | 1.61 | |
| Divorced | 9.14 | 9.19 | 11.07 | |
| Separated | 2.29 | 3.24 | 1.02 | |
| Never married | 25.69 | 24.02 | 25.92 | |
| Living with partner | 10.88 | 10.44 | 7.91 | |
| Smoking status (%) | 0.110 | |||
| Never | 58.74 | 59.11 | 70.42 | |
| Former | 19.51 | 20.04 | 18.01 | |
| Now | 21.75 | 20.86 | 11.57 | |
| PIR (%) | 0.010 | |||
| Low-income | 15.83 | 15.18 | 12.47 | |
| Middle-income | 49.58 | 45.46 | 45.27 | |
| High-income | 34.59 | 39.36 | 42.26 | |
| Hypertension (%) | 0.040 | |||
| Yes | 27.28 | 24.18 | 27.82 | |
| No | 72.72 | 75.82 | 72.18 | |
| Diabetes (%) | 0.070 | |||
| Yes | 9.00 | 7.67 | 6.63 | |
| No | 91.00 | 92.33 | 93.37 | |
| Alcohol (%) | 0.01 | |||
| Former | 8.10 | 8.03 | 9.12 | |
| Heavy | 27.59 | 26.98 | 19.59 | |
| Mild | 25.28 | 33.14 | 35.02 | |
| Moderate | 20.83 | 20.72 | 19.33 | |
| Never | 8.20 | 11.13 | 16.94 | |
Significant values are in [bold].
Notes: All values are presented as proportion (%), or mean(standard error).
PIR, ratio of family income to poverty; BMD, bone mineral density.