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. 2023 Dec 11;14:1256133. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256133

Figure 1.

Figure 1

IL-36 signaling is upregulated in psoriatic skin lesions of mice and psoriasis patients. (A) mRNA expression levels of the IL36 receptor (IL36R/IL1RL2) in skin samples of 64 healthy individuals and in non-lesional and lesional samples from 58 psoriasis vulgaris patients (GDS4602). Significance was calculated using a 2-tailed Student’s t-test: ** p < 0.01**** < 0.0001. (B) mRNA expression levels of psoriasis-associated cytokines in lesional and non-lesional skin of 85 patients (GDS4600). Significance was calculated using a one-way ANOVA test. ns = not significant, **** p < 0.0001. (C, D) Gene expression of IL-36 cytokines and Il1rl2 in 7 days IMQ-treated skin (C) or lesions of K14-IL17Aind mice (D). Shown are the relative mRNA levels normalized to β-Actin. Significance was calculated using a 2-tailed Student’s t-test: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** < 0.001, ns, not significant. Shown is the mean ± SEM of n = 3 (C) or n = 9-11 (D) animals.