TABLE 3.
Transvaginal ultrasound grading of intracervical hypervascularity and maternal outcome.
| Intracervical hypervascularity Grade 1 (N = 90) | Intracervical hypervascularity Grade 2 (N = 29) | Intracervical hypervascularity Grade 3 (N = 7) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal outcome overall | ||||
| GA surgery a | 36 (27–39) | 36 (31–40) | 35 (31–38) | 0.619 |
| Type of surgery b | ||||
| Uterine conservative–resective surgery | 82 (91.1%) | 8 (27.6%) | 1 (14.3%) | <0.001 |
| Cesarean hysterectomy | 8 (8.9%) | 21 (72.4%) | 6 (85.7%) | |
| FIGO grading PAS b | ||||
| Grade 1 | 14 (15.6%) | 2 (6.9%) | 0 | <0.001 |
| Grade 2 | 52 (57.8%) | 8 (27.6%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
| Grade 3A | 17 (18.9%) | 7 (24.1%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
| Grade 3B‐C | 7 (7.8%) | 12 (41.4%) | 5 (71.4%) | |
| PAS topography b | ||||
| Type 1 | 75 (83.3%) | 3 (10.3%) | 0 | <0.001 |
| Type 2 | 1 (1.1%) | 0 | 1 (14.3%) | |
| Type 3 | 13 (14.4%) | 17 (58.6%) | 2 (28.6%) | |
| Type 4 | 1 (1.1%) | 8 (27.6%) | 4 (57.1%) | |
| Type 5 | 0 | 1 (3.4%) | 0 | |
| Blood loss (mL) a | 2274 (±1171) | 3056 (±1646) | 4171 (±1756) | 0.001 |
| Blood transfusion (bag) a | 2 (0–8) | 3 (0–9) | 5 (2–6) | 0.003 |
| Aortic control b | 10 (11.1%) | 13 (44.8%) | 5 (71.4%) | <0.001 |
| Emergency surgery b | 15 (16.7%) | 1 (3.4%) | 4 (57.1%) | 0.004 |
| Unexpected bleeding b | 6 (6.7%) | 5 (17.2%) | 3 (42.9%) | 0.007 |
| Cervical length (cm) a | 2.5 (±0.96) | 2.2 (±0.61) | 1.8 (±0.54) | 0.018 |
a
Kruskal–Wallis.
b
Chi‐squared test.
Abbreviations: GA, gestational age; PAS, placenta accreta spectrum.