Table 2.

Comparison of Risk Factors Between Patients With Detection of CPB Versus Patients With Detection of ESBL-PE

Characteristic	Univariable Analysis		Multivariable Analysis
	OR (95% CI)	P Value	OR (95% CI)	P Value
Demographics and clinical data
Sex, female	0.98 (0.55–1.75)	.954
Age	0.99 (0.96–1.00)	.199
Ward	0.80 (0.54–1.17)	.244
History of hospitalization a	2.33 (1.07–5.07)	.032	0.54 (0.20–1.44)	.214
History of ICU stay a	1.39 (0.67–2.89)	.373
Hospitalization abroad a	23.01 (11.90–44.58)	<.001	25.33 (11.07–57.98)	<.001
Charlson comorbidity index	0.95 (0.82–1.19)	.469
Open wounds	1.68 (0.78–3.62)	.183
Surgery a	3.00 (1.68–5.43)	<.001	1.87 (0.93–3.78)	.081
Urinary catheterization b	1.67 (0.93–3.01)	.088
Vascular hardware c	2.17 (0.72–6.58)	.169
Dialysis	1.14 (0.14–9.15)	.897
Allogeneic stem-cell transplantation	0.71 (0.09–5.46)	.741
History of colonization with ESBL-PE/CPB a,d	0.45 (0.22–0.87)	.018	0.90 (0.39–2.06)	.804
History of infection with ESBL-PE/CPB a,d	0.42 (0.15–1.18)	.099
History of antibiotic therapy e	3.72 (1.87–7.42)	<.001	4.76 (2.15–10.55)	<.001
Duration of antibiotic therapy, d	1.00 (1.00–1.01)	.130
Immunosuppressive therapy a	0.68 (0.33–1.39)	.289
Proton pump inhibitor e	0.63 (0.35–1.13)	.122
Outcome
Length of hospital stay	1.01 (1.00–1.01)	.015
Survival	0.26 (0.12–0.60)	.001
ICU	2.33 (1.30–4.21)	.005

Note. CPB, carbapenemase-producing bacteria; ESBL-PE, extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Enterobacterales; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval, ICU, intensive care unit. Bold indicates statistical significance.

^a Within the past 12 mo.

^b Within 30 d prior to CPB detection.

^c To be in place for at least 7 d prior to CPB detection.

^d Refers to ESBL-PE and/or CPB in the CPB group and to only ESBL-PE in the ESBL-PE group.

^e Within 3 mo prior to CPB detection.