Table 2. Utilization Outcomes From Difference-in-Differences Analyses.
| Measure | SMI | Mild and moderate mental illness | No mental illnessa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Estimate (95% CI) | Baseline | Estimate (95% CI) | Baseline | Estimate (95% CI) | |
| Outpatient mental health visits | 805.6 | −33.9 (−106.1 to 38.2) | 310.7 | −12.5 (−42.3 to 17.3) | 0.7 | −0.13 (−0.32 to 0.05) |
| Primary care visits: mental health | 57.4 | −3.1 (−11.9 to 5.8) | 47.2 | 0.4 (−1.4 to 2.3) | 1.7 | −0.11 (−0.27 to 0.06) |
| Primary care visits: physical health | 307.9 | −1.1 (−13.7 to 11.5) | 262.0 | 1.1 (−6.4 to 8.5) | 152.9 | −1.4 (−5.6 to 2.8) |
| ED visits for mental health conditions | 17.7 | 0.1 (−2.4 to 2.7) | 3.8 | −0.2 (−0.6 to 0.2) | 0.2 | −0.0 (−0.1 to 0.1) |
| Hospitalizations for mental health conditionsb | 15.8 | 1.8 (−4.0 to 7.6) | 0.9 | 0.47 (−0.02 to 0.96) | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; NA, not applicable; SMI, severe mental illness.
a
The no mental illness population was defined as enrollees without at least 1 inpatient visit with a mental health diagnosis or at least 2 other visits with a mental health diagnosis. Thus, it is possible for enrollees classified as having no mental illness to still have an outpatient mental health visit, primary care mental health visit, or ED visit for a mental health condition.
b
Unit of observation is the person quarter. Measures are presented as rates per 1000 member months.