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. 2023 Dec 14;7:e48351. doi: 10.2196/48351

Table 2.

Age, education level, income, and clinical characteristics of participants with and without observed severe periodontitis.

Characteristic All observations (n=3883) Observations of participants with severe periodontitis (n=1333) Observations of participants with nonsevere periodontitis (n=2550)
Age (years), mean (SD) 54.4 (5.0) 55.0 (5.1) 54.0 (5.0)
Education level, n (%)

High school graduate or lower 767 (19.8) 406 (30.4) 361 (14.2)

Vocational school graduate 1282 (33) 522 (39.2) 760 (29.8)

Bachelor degree graduate 1519 (39.1) 341 (25.6) 1178 (46.2)

Above bachelor degree 315 (8.1) 64 (4.8) 251 (9.8)
Monthly income in Baht (US $), n (%)

Less than 20,000 (US $600) 306 (7.9) 149 (11.2) 157 (6.2)

Between 20,000-49,999 (US $600-$1499.97) 828 (21.3) 365 (27.4) 463 (18.1)

More than 50,000 (US $1500) 2749 (70.8) 819 (61.4) 1930 (75.7)
Body mass index, mean (SD) 24.9 (3.7) 24.9 (3.7) 24.8 (3.7)
Waist to hip ratio, mean (SD) 0.9 (0.1) 0.9 (0.1) 0.9 (0.1)
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) 499 (12.9) 234 (17.5) 265 (10.4)
Hypertension, n (%) 1741 (44.8) 676 (50.7) 1065 (41.8)
Dyslipidemia, n (%) 2775 (71.5) 954 (71.6) 1821 (71.4)
Chronic kidney disease, n (%) 293 (7.5) 105 (7.9) 188 (7.4)
Smoking status, n (%)

Nonsmoker 2092 (53.9) 498 (37.3) 1594 (62.5)

Exsmoker 1143 (29.4) 446 (33.5) 697 (27.3)

Current smoker 648 (16.7) 389 (29.2) 259 (10.2)
Alcohol consumption, n (%)

Nonconsumer 1249 (32.2) 309 (23.2) 940 (36.8)

Occasional consumer 695 (17.9) 242 (18.1) 453 (17.8)

Frequent consumer 1939 (49.9) 782 (58.7) 1157 (45.4)
Number of present or remaining teeth, mean (SD) 23.4 (4.9) 22.1 (5.4) 24.1 (4.5)
Plaque score (%), mean (SD) 70.9 (21.5) 78.5 (18.8) 66.9 (21.7)
Lymphocytes (mm3), mean (SD) 2156.3 (623) 2224.5 (636.9) 2120.6 (612.7)
Uric acid (mg/dL), mean (SD) 5.9 (1.4) 6.1 (1.4) 5.8 (1.5)
Triglyceride (mg/dL), mean (SD) 147.6 (96.2) 159.6 (109.5) 141.4 (87.8)
Cholesterol (mg/dL), mean (SD) 225.1 (43.3) 223.2 (44.4) 226.0 (42.6)
High density lipoprotein (mg/dL), mean (SD) 54.1 (14.3) 51.5 (13.8) 55.4 (14.5)
Low density lipoprotein (mg/dL), mean (SD) 147.7 (39.4) 145.7 (40.1) 148.7 (39)
Taking lipid lowering medications, n (%) 960 (24.7) 328 (24.6) 632 (24.8)