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. 2023 Dec 5;9:100209. doi: 10.1016/j.dadr.2023.100209

Table 1.

Patient characteristics and Urine Drug Screen (UDS) results stratified by Xylazine Presence, Miami, Florida 2023.

Variable Total (n = 59) Xylazine + (n = 33) Xylazine – (n = 26) p-value
Age (mean, IQR) 42.5 (11) 42.2 (10) 42.9 (15) 0.597
Sex 0.652
 Male 39 (66.1 %) 21 (63.6 %) 18 (69.2 %)
 Female 20 (33.9 %) 12 (36.4 %) 8 (30.8 %)
Gender 0.573*
 Man 38 (64.4 %) 21 (63.6 %) 17 (65.4 %)
 Woman 20 (33.9 %) 12 (36.4 %) 8 (30.8 %)
 Transgender Woman 1 (1.7 %) 0 (0 %) 1 (3.8 %)
Race/Ethnicity 0.092*
 Non-Hispanic White 34 (57.6 %) 23 (69.7 %) 11 (42.3 %)
 Hispanic 22 (37.3 %) 9 (29.3 %) 13 (50.0 %)
 Non-Hispanic Black 3 (5.1 %) 1 (3.0 %) 2 (7.7 %)
 Other 0 (0 %) 0 (0 %) 0 (0 %)
Housing status 0.018
 Apartment/House 24 (40.7 %) 9 (27.3 %) 15 (57.7 %)
 Unhoused 35 (59.3 %) 24 (72.3 %) 11 (42.3 %)
Reason for visit 0.536*
 Buprenorphine only 39 (66.1 %) 19 (57.6 %) 20 (76.9 %)
 Wound care only 14 (23.7 %) 9 (27.3 %) 5 (19.2 %)
 Wound care+ Buprenorphine 2 (3.4 %) 2 (100 %) 0 (0 %)
 Other 3 (5.2 %) 2 (6.1 %) 1 (3.8 %)
HIV status 1.00*
 Positive 5 (8.5 %) 3 (9.1 %) 2 (7.7 %)
 Negative 54 (91.5 %) 30 (90.9 %) 24 (92.3 %)
HCV antibody status 0.014
 Positive 31 (52.5 %) 22 (66.7 %) 9 (34.6 %)
 Negative 29 (47.5 %) 11 (33.3 %) 17 (65.4 %)
Wounds present
 Yes 24 (40.7 %) 18 (54.5 %) 6 (23.1 %) 0.008
 No 33 (55.9 %) 13 (39.4 %) 20 (76.9 %)
Drugs present on UDS
 Fentanyl 41 (81.4 %) 31 (93.9 %) 17 (65.4 %) 0.005
 Cocaine 29 (49.2 %) 16 (48.5 %) 13 (50.0 %) 0.908
 Cannabis 26 (44.1 %) 14 (42.4 %) 12 (46.2 %) 0.775
 Amphetamine 6 (10.2 %) 5 (15.2 %) 1 (3.8 %) 0.215*
 Buprenorphine 8 (13.6 %) 3 (9.1 %) 5 (19.2 %) 0.284*
 Benzodiazepines 17 (28.8 %) 10 (30.3 %) 7 (26.9 %) 0.776
 MDMA 14 (23.7 %) 13 (39.4 %) 1 (3.8 %) 0.002*
 Oxycodone 2 (3.4 %) 2 (6.1 %) 0 0.499*
 Tramadol 1 (1.7 %) 1 (3.0 %) 0 1.000*
 Ethyl Glucuronide 11 (18.6 %) 5 (15.2 %) 6 (23.1 %) 0.438
 Opiates 300ᵃ 6 (10.2 %) 4 (12.1 %) 2 (7.7 %) 0.685*
 Opiates 2000ᵇ 2 (3.4 %) 1 (3.0 %) 1 (3.8 %) 1.000*
 Methadone 5 (8.5 %) 2 (6.1 %) 3 (11.5 %) 0.386*
 Methamphetamines 8 (13.6 %) 7 (21.2 %) 1 (3.8 %) 0.067
Opioids detected in UDS
 No 8 (13.6 %) 2 (6.1 %) 6 (23.1 %) 0.058

ᵃopiates detected at a cutoff concentration of 300 mg/dL.

ᵇopiates detected at a cutoff concentration of 2000 mg/dL.