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. 2023 Dec 14;14:1239151. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1239151

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Pathological Spectrum of Aberrant NSP Activity in Lung Tissue. Dysregulated NSP activity contributes to lung damage in multiple acute and chronic inflammatory lung diseases including acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, COPD, AATD, bronchiectasis, and CF. Inhibition of DPP1 is under evaluation as a therapy to reverse NSP dysregulation and control the associated inflammation. AAT, alpha-1 antitrypsin; AATD, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency; CatG, cathepsin G; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CF, cystic fibrosis; DPP1, dipeptidyl peptidase 1; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IL-8, interleukin-8; MMP, matrix metallopeptidase; NE, neutrophil elastase; NSP, neutrophil serine protease; PR3, proteinase 3; SLPI, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.