. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 29.

Published in final edited form as: Accid Anal Prev. 2022 Jun 13;174:106730. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106730

Table 2A:

Fixed effect regression models of alcohol-related crash fatalities when number of drivers in fatal crashes with BAC≥0.08 per 10,000 population in 46 states

Variables	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6
0.08 BAC per se law	−0.040^**	−0.039^***	−0.036^***	−0.027^*	0.046^*	−0.023
ALR law	−0.008	−0.002	−0.007	0.005	0.008	0.008
MLDA law	0.021	0.018	0.017	−0.010	−0.005	−0.006
Zero Tolerance	−0.024	−0.027	−0.025	−0.031	−0.029	0.027
DUI arrest per 100		0.062	−0.248^***	−0.320^***	−0.195^*	−0.180
DUI arrest per 100²			0.255^***	0.274^***	0.218^**	0.201^**
Alcohol consumption per capita				0.210^***	0.216^***	0.216^***
Unemployment rate				0.477	0.403	0.471
Vehicle miles traveled per capita (log)				0.024	0.022	0.022
(BAC 0.08 illegal limit)×(DUI arrest per 100)					−0.141^***
(Zero Tolerance)×(DUI arrest per 100)						−0.115^**
Overall R²	0.340	0.358	0.350	0.259	0.252	0.420
Within R²	0.687	0.690	0.697	0.725	0.731	0.573
Number of observations	1,540	1,540	1,540	1,540	1,540	1,540

p-value <0.1,

^**

p-value <0.05,

^***

p-value <0.01