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. 2023 Dec 7;14:1308777. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1308777

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Copyright © 2023 Zheng, Huo, Huang, Jiang, Yan, Liu and Qin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Histological observation of the gill of clam Ruditapes philippinarum undergoing air exposure and SNP pretreatment. (A) Gill in control (C0); (B) gill after 6 h of SNP treatment (N6); (C) gill after 24 h of air exposure (CE); (D) gill after 24 h of air exposure with SNP pretreatment (NE); (E, G) gill after 72 h of air exposure; and (F, H) gill after 72 h of air exposure with SNP pretreatment. Black arrow: clusters of mucous glands at the base of the gill filaments; white arrow: basal lamina after epithelial cell detachment.