. 2023 Dec 12;15(23):14066–14085. doi: 10.18632/aging.205290

Table 1. Association of genetically predicted risk factors with frailty index in MR sensitivity analysis.

Risk factors	Cochrane’s Q	P _pleiotropy ^a	P _distortion ^b	MR-Egger			Weighted median			MR-PRESSO			Outliers
Risk factors	Cochrane’s Q	P _pleiotropy ^a	P _distortion ^b	β	95% CI	p	β	95% CI	p	β	95% CI	p	Outliers
Smoking initiation	234.45	0.73	0.83	0.11	−0.15, 0.37	0.42	0.13	0.07, 0.18	4.79 × 10⁻⁶	0.14	0.09, 0.20	2.06 × 10⁻⁷	6
Age of smoking initiation	27.13	0.55	0.19	0.09	−0.92, 1.11	0.87	−0.08	−0.30, 0.14	0.47	−0.23	−0.53, 0.08	0.19	1
Alcoholic drinks per week	74.60	0.69	0.02	0.03	−0.14, 0.20	0.69	0.06	−0.04, 0.16	0.27	3.53 × 10⁻³	−0.10, 0.10	0.95	2
MVPA	17.76	0.97	0.92	−0.15	−0.87, 0.56	0.69	−0.17	−0.29, −0.04	8.26 × 10⁻³	−0.17	−0.26, −0.08	0.02	2
Leisure screen time	135.00	0.77	NA	0.16	−0.06, 0.38	0.15	0.15	0.09, 0.20	9.68 × 10⁻⁸	0.19	0.14, 0.24	4.96 × 10⁻¹¹	0
Birth weight	71.05	0.96	0.20	−0.06	−0.22, 0.11	0.51	−0.04	−0.09, 0.02	0.21	−0.05	−0.10, −0.01	0.03	1
BMI	153.86	0.21	0.90	0.04	−0.11, 0.19	0.61	0.12	0.07, 0.17	6.54 × 10⁻⁶	0.12	0.07, 0.16	3.56 × 10⁻⁶	2
Waist circumference	111.35	0.80	0.35	0.10	−0.15, 0.35	0.43	0.12	0.05, 0.18	3.49 × 10⁻⁴	0.12	0.06, 0.19	4.06 × 10⁻⁴	4

Abbreviations: MVPA: moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity; BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval; NA: not available. P_pleiotropy^a is the p values for MR-Egger intercept test and p value < 0.05 indicates a significant horizontal pleiotropy. P_distortion^b is the p values obtained from MR-PRESSO distortion test and p value < 0.05 indicates a significant difference between estimates before and after outliers removal. P_distortion for leisure screen time was not available because of no outliers detected.