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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Surg Res. 2022 Nov 22;283:377–384. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.11.004

Table 2 –

Additional methods of pain management with or without cryoablation.

Analgesic modality, n (%) No cryoablation (n = 39) Cryoablation (n = 14)
None 1 (2.6%) 0 (0.0%)
Epidural 23 (59.0%) 7 (50.0%)
PCA 5 (12.8%) 1 (7.1%)
Subcutaneous catheter 1 (2.6%) 0 (0.0%)
ESP block 2 (5.1%) 2 (14.3%)
Intrathecal morphine 0 (0.0%) 2 (14.3%)
Epidural + PCA 2 (5.1%) 0 (0.0%)
PCA + subcutaneous catheter 1 (2.6%) 0 (0.0%)
PCA + ESP block 2 (5.1%) 0 (0.0%)
PCA + intrathecal morphine 1 (2.6%) 1 (7.1%)
Subcutaneous catheter + ESP block 1 (2.6%) 1 (7.1%)

ESP = erector spinae plane.