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. 2024 Jan;30(1):163–167. doi: 10.3201/eid3001.231003

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Emerging Infectious Diseases is a publication of the U.S. Government. This publication is in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from this work may be reprinted freely. Use of these materials should be properly cited.

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Structural changes of emergent novel norovirus GII.4 strains from 3 continents. A) Sydney GII.4 strain (GenBank accession no. JX459908); B) GII.4 San Francisco strain. The 3-dimensional structure models were predicted by using ChimeraX version 1.4 (11) and the alphafold prediction tool (12). Models show structural changes near and within the epitope A antigenic region on GII.4 San Francisco P-domain (panel B) are overlayed on a GII.4 Sydney 2012 backbone (Protein Data Bank, https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4OP7). Negatively (red) and positively (green) charged amino acids of GII.4 Sydney (panel A) were replaced with neutral amino acids (blue) in the GII.4 San Francisco strain and a hydrophobic (yellow) amino acid, alanine, was inserted between T293 and T294.