TABLE 3.
Comparison of Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction and RNA Sequencing Results For Different Viruses
| Virus | RT-PCR+ | RT-PCR– | RT-PCR+ | RT-PCR– | Cohen’s Kappa (95% CI) | PPA (95% CI) | NPA (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RNA-Seq– | RNA-Seq+ | RNA-Seq+ | RNA Seq– | ||||
| Rhinovirus/Enterovirus | 37 | 14 | 53 | 191 | 0.56 (0.46 to 0.67) | 58.2% (47–68%) | 92.6% (88–96%) |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | 9 | 7 | 94 | 185 | 0.88 (0.82 to 0.94) | 91.3% (84–96%) | 96.4% (93–99%) |
| Adenovirus | 21 | 2 | 2 | 270 | 0.13 (–0.05 to 0.31) | 8.7% (1–28%) | 99.2% (97–100%) |
| Coronavirus | 9 | 1 | 7 | 278 | 0.57 (0.33 to 0.81) | 47.1% (23–72%) | 99.6% (97–100%) |
| Human metapneumovirus | 2 | 3 | 11 | 279 | 0.81 (0.064 to 0.97) | 84.6% (54–98%) | 98.9% (97–100%) |
| Influenza A/B | 2 | 3 | 5 | 285 | 0.66 (0.38 to 0.94) | 62.5% (24–91%) | 98.9% (97–100%) |
NPA = negative percent agreement, concordant negative/all negative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results, PPA = positive percent agreement, concordant positive/all positive RT-PCR results.
Cohen’s Kappa used to evaluate agreement with 1.00 representing perfect agreement between tests with values ≤ 0 indicating no agreement, 0.01–0.20 as none to slight agreement, 0.21–0.40 as fair agreement, 0.41–0.60 as moderate agreement, 0.61–0.80 as substantial agreement, and 0.81–1.00 as almost perfect agreement.