Table 1.
Definitions and numbers of landmarks of mandibles in DPT.
| No. | Landmarks | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Coronion (Co) | The most superior point on the coronoid process (right) |
| 2 | Mandibular notch (Mn) | The most inferior point on the mandibular notch (right) |
| 3 | Condylion medial inferialis (Cdmi) | Medial point on the mandibular condyle located at the most curved area, horizontally aligned with landmark no. 7 (right) |
| 4 | Condylion mediale (Cdm) | The most medial point on the mandibular condyle (right) |
| 5 | Condylion superior (Cs) | The most superior point on the mandibular condyle (right) |
| 6 | Condylion laterale (Cdl) | The most lateral point on the mandibular condyle (right) |
| 7 | Condylion lateral inferialis (Cdli) | Lateral point on the mandibular condyle located at the most curved area, horizontally straight with landmark no. 3 (right) |
| 8 | Inferior alveolar foramen (Iaf) | The most inferior point on the margin of the inferior alveolar foramen (right) |
| 9 | Posterior ramus (Pr) | Single point located at the posterior border of the ramus, horizontally straight with landmarks no. 8 and 27 (right) |
| 10 | Gonion (Go) | The most lateral external junction point of the horizontal and ascending rami of the lower jaw (right) |
| 11 | Body mandibular notch (BMN) | The deepest groove in the ramus of the mandible (right) |
| 12 | Mentale (Ml) | The most inferior point on the margin of the mandibular mental foramen (right) |
| 13 | Mentale (Ml) | The most inferior point on the margin of the mandibular mental foramen (left) |
| 14 | Body mandibular notch (BMN) | The deepest part of the mandible body (left) |
| 15 | Gonion (Go) | The most lateral external junction point of the horizontal and ascending rami of the lower jaw (left) |
| 16 | Inferior alveolar foramen (Iaf) | The most inferior point on the margin of the inferior alveolar foramen (left) |
| 17 | Posterior ramus (Pr) | Single point located at the posterior border of the ramus, horizontally straight with landmarks no. 16 and 25 (left) |
| 18 | Condylion lateral inferialis (Cdli) | Lateral point on the mandibular condyle located at the most curved area, horizontally straight with landmark no. 22 (left) |
| 19 | Condylion laterale (Cdl) | The most lateral point on the mandibular condyle (left) |
| 20 | Condylion superior (Cs) | The most superior point on the mandibular condyle (left) |
| 21 | Condylion mediale (Cdm) | The most medial point on the mandibular condyle (left) |
| 22 | Condylion medial inferialis (Cdmi) | Medial point on mandibular condyle located at the most curved area, horizontally straight with landmark no. 18 (left) |
| 23 | Mandibular notch (Mn) | The most inferior point on the mandibular notch (left) |
| 24 | Coronion (Co) | The most superior point on the coronoid process (left) |
| 25 | Anterior ramus (Ar) | Point at which the minimum breadth transects the anterior border of the ramus, horizontally straight with landmarks no. 16 and 17 (left) |
| 26 | Incisor (Icr) | Midpoint located between two mandibular central incisors |
| 27 | Anterior ramus (Ar) | Point at which the minimum breadth transects the anterior border of the ramus, horizontally straight with landmarks no. 8 and 9 (right) |