Figure 5.

Hypoxic preconditioning reduces glucose consumption and lactate secretion. Mesenchymal stem cells/multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) were cultured for 96 hours with a single medium change after 48 hours and in 1% O₂ for the indicated time periods. Then, supernatants were collected to measure glucose (A; n = 5) and lactate (B; n = 4) as described in Materials and Methods. Then, MSCs were cultured as shown in the scheme of Figure 2A. After HP, MSCs were cultured under serum deprivation and 1% O₂ for up to 12 days with no further medium changes. Every 3 days, supernatants were collected to determine glucose (C; n = 3) and lactate (D; n = 3). Histograms to the right of (C) and (D) highlight glucose and lactate levels at day 3. Statistical analysis was performed by paired Student’s t test with Bonferroni correction; *, p < .05; **, p < .005.