Table 2.
Risk of adverse events, lesion characteristics, discharge medications, and MACE rates of all patients with MI according to GDF11 tertiles
| All patients | GDF11 tertile 1 | GDF11 tertile 2 | GDF11 tertile 3 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 100 | <2.79 ng/mL (n = 33) | 2.79–3.33 ng/mL (n = 34) | >3.33 ng/mL (n = 33) | ||
| GRACE 2.0 score (%) | |||||
| Death in hospital | 3.2 (1.5–5.1) | 2.6 (1.3–5.0) | 3.1 (1.3–4.6) | 3.8 (2.3–7.7) | 0.128a |
| Death at 6 months | 9.0 (4.0–15.0) | 8.0 (4.0–15.0) | 7.0 (4.0–12.8) | 11.0 (6.0–20.0) | 0.036a |
| Death at 1 year | 6.3 (3.7–12.7) | 5.7 (2.8–11.7) | 6.0 (3.7–8.6) | 8.1 (4.8–16.0) | 0.061a |
| Management delay | |||||
| Onset-to-PCI (min) | 291.0 (177.0–517.3) | 201.0 (145.5–664.0) | 305.0 (224.5–460.5) | 275.0 (191.3–490.3) | 0.805a |
| Lesion characteristics | |||||
| No of lesionsd | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 0.814a |
| No of lesions stentedd | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–1.3) | 0.806a |
| LAD occlusion | 25/100 (25.0) | 11/33 (33.3) | 6/34 (17.6) | 8/33 (24.2) | 0.331b |
| Proximal lesion | 9/100 (9.0) | 5/33 (15.2) | 1/34 (2.9) | 3/33 (9.1) | 0.186b |
| Total occlusion by main lesione | 51/90 (56.7) | 15/30 (50.0) | 17/32 (53.1) | 19/28 (67.9) | 0.206b |
| Main lesion morphology | |||||
| AHA/ACC type A | 8/90 (8.9) | 3/30 (10.0) | 2/32 (6.3) | 3/28 (10.7) | 0.928a |
| AHA/ACC type B | 63/90 (70.0) | 19/30 (63.3) | 24/32 (75.0) | 20/28 (71.4) | |
| AHA/ACC type C | 19/90 (21.1) | 8/30 (26.7) | 6/32 (18.8) | 5/28 (17.9) | |
| Duration of hospital stay (days) | 2.0 (1.0–2.25) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 2.0 (1.0–2.0) | 0.011a |
| Discharge destination | |||||
| Rehabilitation/other hospital | 72/99 (72.7) | 26/33 (78.8) | 19/33 (57.6) | 27/33 (81.8) | 0.089b |
| Home | 27/99 (27.3) | 7/33 (21.2) | 14/33 (42.4) | 6/33 (18.2) | |
| Discharge medication | |||||
| Aspirin | 99/99 (100.0) | 33/33 (100.0) | 33/33 (100.0) | 33/33 (100.0) | .. |
| ACEI/ARB | 92/99 (92.9) | 30/33 (90.9) | 30/33 (90.9) | 32/33 (97.0) | 0.693b |
| Beta-blocker | 91/99 (91.9) | 31/33 (93.9) | 30/33 (90.9) | 30/33 (90.9) | 0.999b |
| P2Y12 receptor inhibitor | 96/99 (97.0) | 31/33 (93.9) | 32/33 (97.0) | 33/33 (100.0) | 0.771b |
| Statin | 97/99 (98.0) | 32/33 (97.0) | 32/33 (97.0) | 33/33 (100.0) | 0.999b |
| Outcomes | |||||
| MACE at 1 yearf | 22/100 (22.0) | 6/33 (18.2) | 6/34 (17.6) | 10/33 (30.3) | 0.237c |
Data are n/N (%) or median (IQR).
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; GRACE, global registry of acute coronary events; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; LMWH, low-molecular-weight heparin; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.
aKruskal–Wallis H test.
bχ2 test or Fisher’s exact test.
cTest for trend.
dDefined as lesions with ≥75% luminal stenosis.
eDefined as first stented coronary lesion.
fDefined as a composite measure of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or ischaemia-driven revascularization.