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. 2023 Dec 18;17:1228859. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1228859

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Copyright © 2023 Agboada, Osnabruegge, Rethwilm, Kanig, Schwitzgebel, Mack, Schecklmann, Seiberl and Schoisswohl.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Diagrammatic representation of the experimental procedure. First, participants were comfortably seated in an experimental chair, and neuronavigation setup as well as EMG electrode placements were done. This was followed by motor hotspot determination—via the manual (MHS) or the cobot (CHS) methods using the B60 and the AP65 coils, respectively. Finally, measurements of RMT, SI1mV were made, and MEP measurements with 120% RMT (20 MEPs), and SI1mV (25 MEPs) were recorded at CHS, and MHS locations. All recordings of MEPs at both hotspot locations were made with the AP 65 coil to avoid any differences in measurement due to coil characteristics. MHS, manual hotspot search; CHS, cobot hotspot search.