Table 2.

Association of serum N4PA protein levels with incident dementia and dementia-specific mortality risk

Model	Nf-L		GFAP		Total tau		UCHL1
	HR (95% CI)	p	HR (95% CI)	p	HR (95% CI)	p	HR (95% CI)	p
Incident dementia
1	1.21 (1.12–1.30)	<0.001	1.18 (1.10–1.26)	<0.001	1.03 (0.97–1.10)	0.33	1.03 (0.97–1.09)	0.41
2	1.17 (1.08–1.28)	<0.001	1.16 (1.09–1.24)	<0.001	0.99 (0.93–1.06)	0.83	1.01 (0.95–1.08)	0.70
3	1.14 (1.03–1.26)	0.01	1.12 (1.04–1.21)	0.003	0.96 (0.89–1.05)	0.39	0.93 (0.85–1.01)	0.08
Dementia-specific mortality
1	1.57 (1.37–1.81)	<0.001	1.68 (1.47–1.91)	<0.001	1.18 (1.03–1.36)	0.02	1.11 (0.97–1.27)	0.13
2	1.58 (1.35–1.86)	<0.001	1.67 (1.44–1.93)	<0.001	1.14 (0.98–1.33)	0.09	1.11 (0.97–1.27)	0.14
3	1.37 (1.11–1.69)	0.004	1.55 (1.31–1.83)	<0.001	1.03 (0.85–1.25)	0.73	0.87 (0.72–1.05)	0.14

Notes: Hazard ratios represent risk per standard deviation log(pg/mL) protein. Model 1 adjusted for age, sex, black race, clinic, and education. Model 2 additionally adjusted for body mass index, waist circumference, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, estimated glomerular filtration rate, C- reactive protein, activities of daily living limitation, APOE ε4 carrier status, anti-hypertensive medication use, lipid lowering medication use, prevalent coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure. Model 3 additionally included mutual N4PA protein adjustment. Probabilistic bias analysis was applied to account for misclassification in auxiliary dementia data sources.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; Nf-L, neurofilament light chain; UCHL1, ubiquitin carboxyl‐terminal hydrolase L1.