Table 3.

Genetic modification to regulate OMVs toxicity

Parental Bacteria	Genetic modulation	Effect on Lipid A	Outcome	Reference
Escherichia coli	Δlpx, ΔlpxE, ΔLpxF	Monophosphorylated lipid A	Decreased toxicity	72
Salmonella typhimurium	ΔmsbB	Pentaacylated lipid A	Decreased toxicity	73
E. coli K-12 W3110, Salmonella typhimurium	Insert LpxR	Pentaacylated lipid A	Decreased toxicity	74
Neisseria meningitidis	Insert pagL	Pentaacylated lipid A	Decreased toxicity	75
E. coli K-12 W3110	ΔmsbB, ΔpagP	Pentaacylated lipid A	Decreased toxicity	76
Escherichia coli	Insert lpxO	Pentaacylated lipid A	Decreased toxicity	77
Helicobacter pylori	Insert Hp0021	Monophosphorylated lipid A	Decreased toxicity	78
Helicobacter pylori	ΔLpxE, ΔLpxF	Monophosphorylated lipid A	Decreased toxicity	79

Δ means gene deletion