Table 4.
Factors in support for net zero policies.
| LTN | Frequent flyer levy | EV subsidies | Vegan options | Meat taxes | Environmental pricing | Phasing out boilers | Sustainable pensions | Overall1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | |
| Constant | 0.391*** (0.120, 0.662) | 1.398*** (1.141, 1.656) | 0.556*** (0.307, 0.805) | 0.532*** (0.285, 0.779) | −0.095 (−0.341, 0.151) | 0.581*** (0.348, 0.814) | 0.700*** (0.463, 0.937) | 1.191*** (0.956, 1.427) | 0.627*** (0.516, 0.738) |
| Female | 0.013 (−0.078, 0.104) | 0.031 (−0.054, 0.116) | −0.042 (−0.128, 0.044) | 0.166*** (0.084, 0.248) | 0.081 (−0.002, 0.164) | 0.181*** (0.104, 0.257) | −0.001 (−0.082, 0.080) | 0.035 (−0.043, 0.114) | 0.062*** (0.024, 0.100) |
| 35–54 | 0.229*** (0.077, 0.381) | 0.340*** (0.199, 0.481) | 0.017 (−0.123, 0.158) | 0.076 (−0.062, 0.213) | 0.129 (−0.009, 0.266) | 0.213*** (0.084, 0.341) | 0.159** (0.028, 0.290) | 0.038 (−0.092, 0.167) | 0.150*** (0.087, 0.213) |
| 55 and over | 0.264*** (0.117, 0.411) | 0.452*** (0.313, 0.590) | 0.024 (−0.113, 0.160) | 0.119 (−0.016, 0.254) | 0.147** (0.013, 0.280) | 0.314*** (0.189, 0.439) | 0.165** (0.037, 0.293) | 0.046 (−0.081, 0.173) | 0.194*** (0.133, 0.255) |
| Other ethnic background | −0.312*** (−0.522, −0.101) | −0.245*** (−0.427, −0.063) | 0.034 (−0.149, 0.216) | 0.125 (−0.049, 0.298) | −0.074 (−0.271, 0.123) | −0.205** (−0.379, −0.030) | −0.083 (−0.257, 0.092) | −0.047 (−0.219, 0.126) | −0.082 (−0.166, 0.002) |
| Scotland | 0.034 (−0.086, 0.153) | −0.015 (−0.123, 0.094) | −0.028 (−0.139, 0.084) | −0.113** (−0.221, −0.006) | −0.130** (−0.236, −0.024) | −0.120** (−0.222, −0.017) | −0.091 (−0.195, 0.012) | −0.012 (−0.115, 0.091) | −0.056** (−0.105, −0.007) |
| Wales | −0.159 (−0.386, 0.069) | −0.185 (−0.416, 0.046) | −0.042 (−0.253, 0.170) | −0.235** (−0.449, −0.022) | 0.014 (−0.197, 0.225) | −0.165 (−0.363, 0.033) | 0.010 (−0.202, 0.222) | 0.009 (−0.188, 0.207) | −0.102** (−0.199, −0.005) |
| Northern Ireland | 0.162 (−0.133, 0.456) | −0.281 (−0.567, 0.005) | 0.199 (−0.067, 0.466) | −0.096 (−0.344, 0.151) | −0.144 (−0.387, 0.099) | 0.026 (−0.200, 0.252) | 0.031 (−0.240, 0.302) | −0.093 (−0.339, 0.152) | −0.039 (−0.158, 0.080) |
| England (London) | −0.249*** (−0.417, −0.080) | −0.149 (−0.310, 0.011) | 0.094 (−0.061, 0.249) | 0.035 (−0.122, 0.191) | 0.119 (−0.041, 0.278) | −0.015 (−0.157, 0.128) | −0.050 (−0.200, 0.099) | 0.001 (−0.143, 0.144) | −0.028 (−0.099, 0.042) |
| Area type | −0.025 (−0.130, 0.080) | −0.122** (−0.220, −0.024) | 0.100 (−0.001, 0.200) | 0.025 (−0.070, 0.120) | 0.016 (−0.080, 0.111) | −0.086 (−0.175, 0.003) | 0.002 (−0.091, 0.096) | −0.036 (−0.127, 0.055) | −0.014 (−0.058, 0.030) |
| Neighbourhood deprivation | 0.014 (−0.019, 0.048) | 0.018 (−0.014, 0.049) | −0.042** (−0.074, −0.010) | −0.045*** (−0.075, −0.014) | −0.021 (−0.053, 0.010) | −0.030** (−0.058, −0.001) | 0.011 (−0.019, 0.041) | 0.010 (−0.019, 0.040) | −0.012 (−0.026, 0.002) |
| Climate change worry | 0.306*** (0.256, 0.356) | 0.280*** (0.234, 0.326) | 0.381*** (0.335, 0.427) | 0.336*** (0.291, 0.381) | 0.394*** (0.347, 0.441) | 0.412*** (0.369, 0.455) | 0.376*** (0.332, 0.421) | 0.335*** (0.291, 0.379) | 0.351*** (0.330, 0.371) |
| Left–right scale | −0.089*** (−0.140, −0.039) | −0.125*** (−0.172, −0.078) | −0.085*** (−0.133, −0.036) | −0.075*** (−0.122, −0.029) | −0.080*** (−0.127, −0.034) | −0.031 (−0.073, 0.011) | −0.063*** (−0.107, −0.019) | −0.121*** (−0.166, −0.077) | −0.085*** (−0.106, −0.064) |
| Libertarian-authoritarian scale | −0.113*** (−0.164, −0.062) | −0.079*** (−0.126, −0.032) | −0.126*** (−0.175, −0.077) | −0.219*** (−0.266, −0.173) | −0.182*** (−0.229, −0.135) | −0.188*** (−0.231, −0.145) | −0.161*** (−0.205, −0.116) | −0.147*** (−0.192, −0.103) | −0.153*** (−0.175, −0.132) |
| Perceived fairness | 0.836*** (0.767, 0.905) | 0.631*** (0.566, 0.695) | 0.699*** (0.637, 0.761) | 0.762*** (0.702, 0.822) | 0.876*** (0.813, 0.938) | 0.598*** (0.538, 0.657) | 0.696*** (0.635, 0.757) | 0.571*** (0.511, 0.632) | 0.721*** (0.696, 0.746) |
| Climate change framing | −0.050 (−0.176, 0.076) | −0.062 (−0.180, 0.056) | 0.193*** (0.073, 0.312) | −0.084 (−0.198, 0.031) | −0.040 (−0.156, 0.077) | 0.130** (0.023, 0.236) | 0.063 (−0.048, 0.175) | 0.106 (−0.003, 0.215) | 0.033 (−0.019, 0.086) |
| Health framing | 0.099 (−0.027, 0.225) | −0.008 (−0.127, 0.112) | 0.353*** (0.233, 0.473) | 0.073 (−0.041, 0.186) | 0.056 (−0.060, 0.172) | 0.231*** (0.125, 0.337) | 0.136** (0.023, 0.249) | −0.009 (−0.119, 0.101) | 0.111*** (0.058, 0.164) |
| Economic framing | 0.075 (−0.051, 0.202) | −0.099 (−0.217, 0.020) | 0.182*** (0.062, 0.302) | −0.007 (−0.122, 0.108) | −0.083 (−0.200, 0.034) | 0.208*** (0.101, 0.315) | 0.031 (−0.081, 0.144) | 0.066 (−0.045, 0.177) | 0.043 (−0.011, 0.096) |
| Observations | 2,141 | 2,093 | 2,128 | 2,136 | 2,159 | 2,129 | 2,099 | 1,962 | 16,847 |
**p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01; 1the overall effects were estimated using multilevel modelling; b = unstandardised regression coefficients; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval.