Table 3.

Comparison of independent variables for different types of S/EPs during the slap shot (i.e., descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA repeated measures outcomes of shoulder and elbow ROM in different S/EP conditions)

Variables			No S/EPs	Bauer Vapor	Bauer Nsx	Vik-Max	Heilong	IBX	$\mathit{p}$	$\mathit{F}$	${\eta }_{\mathit{p}}^{\mathbf{2}}$
SI-ST	Shoulder	Flex/Ext L	41.5 ± 24.0	38.1 ± 26.8	35.3 ± 21.8	38.0 ± 22.2	35.5 ± 25.0	41.2 ± 19.5	0.354	1.143	0.125
		Add/Abd L	23.7 ± 7.7	23.2 ± 7.6	22.7 ± 5.7	19.9 ± 5.3	23.3 ± 7.0	20.8 ± 60.9	0.129	1.830	0.186
		Int/Ext Rot L	59.7 ± 21.6	60.2 ± 17.9	51.5 ± 11.4	58.2 ± 23.8	50.8 ± 17.9	56.5 ± 20.9	0.453	0.885	0.100
		Flex/Ext R	23.5 ± 8.55	22.4 ± 10.45	21.2 ± 5.3	21.0 ± 8.3	18.0 ± 6.91,2,6	23.1 ± 8.75	0.037	2.642	0.248
		Add/Abd R	25.0 ± 6.4	23.8 ± 6.4	25.3 ± 6.7	23.6 ± 9.2	22.3 ± 5.0	21.9 ± 5.1	0.352	1.148	0.125
		Int/Ext Rot R	35.4 ± 10.54,5	36.0 ± 10.14,5,6	31.8 ± 9.2	26.5 ± 8.81,2	26.6 ± 7.21,2	29.4 ± 11.72	0.014	3.291	0.291
	Elbow	Flex/Ext L	28.6 ± 14.43,4,5,6	25.4 ± 13.36	21.6 ± 15.51	20.7 ± 15.11	20.6 ± 13.61	17.7 ± 14.11,2	<0.01	4.723	0.371
		Pro/Sup L	18.9 ± 8.22,3,4	14.9 ± 6.51	14.1 ± 6.11	16.0 ± 5.51,5	12.2 ± 3.04,6	16.6 ± 6.05	0.021	3.011	0.273
		Flex/Ext R	34.6 ± 15.8	30.8 ± 14.2	34.0 ± 18.3	34.9 ± 19.5	33.3 ± 16.9	34.3 ± 17.1	0.545	0.690	0.079
		Pro/Sup R	20.3 ± 9.7	18.4 ± 7.4	20.1 ± 6.9	21.1 ± 11.1	20.2 ± 10.8	19.4 ± 5.9	0.835	0.193	0.024
ST-SR	Shoulder	Flex/Ext L	47.3 ± 21.4	38.43 ± 20.6	43.7 ± 18.8	43.7 ± 18.9	43.1 ± 21.5	45.0 ± 21.7	0.151	2.174	0.214
		Add/Abd L	26.4 ± 9.4	26.1 ± 9.2	24.1 ± 8.4	26.4 ± 11.1	25.2 ± 10.7	24.7 ± 8.4	0.851	0.393	0.047
		Int/Ext Rot L	52.6 ± 17.85	51 ± 13.15	46.4 ± 6.82	45.3 ± 14.1	41.1 ± 9.21,2	47.3 ± 16.2	0.050	2.445	0.234
		Flex/Ext R	28.6 ± 14.1	29.0 ± 14.1	26.8 ± 12.7	28.6 ± 10.2	23.6 ± 8.5	25.4 ± 14.0	0.465	0.944	0.119
		Add/Abd R	29.2 ± 8.92,3,4,5,6	23.6 ± 5.11	24.2 ± 3.11	23.8 ± 5.81	21.7 ± 5.71	23.8 ± 5.71	0.043	2.543	0.241
		Int/Ext Rot R	51.5 ± 21.14,6	48.3 ± 21.54,6	49.5 ± 21.34,6	39.0 ± 21.61,2,3	46.5 ± 16.9	39.1 ± 20.61,2,3	0.018	3.175	0.312
	Elbow	Flex/Ext L	26.1 ± 10.62,4,5,6	20.4 ± 7.11	23.0 ± 10.75	19.7 ± 14.41	17.4 ± 10.61,3	19.3 ± 8.51	<0.01	3.576	0.309
		Pro/Sup L	17.9 ± 7.7	16.0 ± 7.4	14.8 ± 5.7	18.7 ± 10.0	14.6 ± 5.9	18.1 ± 10.5	0.355	1.129	0.158
		Flex/Ext R	43.4 ± 13.6	37.2 ± 18.9	43.3 ± 22.3	41.9 ± 20.2	42.9 ± 22.5	40.2 ± 18.9	0.422	0.922	0.103
		Pro/Sup R	24.4 ± 12.8	19.3 ± 7.8	24.1 ± 4.9	22.3 ± 6.3	24.1 ± 6.6	21.8 ± 7.5	0.571	0.778	0.089

Note that 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are significantly different from No S/EPs, Bauer Vapor, Bauer NSX, Vik-Max, Heilong, and IBX, respectively. S/EPs; Shoulder and elbow pads; ROM, range of motion; ANOVA, analysis of variance; SI, shot initiation; SR, shot release; ST, swing top; Flex/Ext L, flexion/extension left; Add/Abd L, adduction/abduction left; Int/Ext Rot L, internal/external rotation left; Flex/Ext R, flexion/extension right; Add/Abd R, adduction/abduction right; Int/Ext Rot R, internal/external rotation right; Flex L, flexion left; Pro/Sup L, pronation/supination left; Flex R, flexion right; Pro/Sup R, pronation/supination right.