|
|
Nano-colloidal silica@APTPOSS |
Toluene |
Microwave irradiation, 50 °C |
20–25 min |
Up to 96% |
(1) Efficient catalyst |
Safaei-Ghomi et al.103
|
(2) Recoverability of the catalyst. |
(3) Low catalyst loading |
(4) Short reaction times. |
(5) A simple procedure |
(6) High atom economy |
|
|
— |
Solvent-free |
80–90 °C |
4–8 h |
82–90% |
(1) Metal-catalyst-free |
Ghosh et al.104
|
(2) Solvent-free conditions |
|
|
— |
Magnetized water |
MW, 60 °C |
110–160 min |
65–90% |
(1) Simplicity |
Bakherad et al.105
|
(2) Low cost |
(3) Short reaction time |
(4) High reaction yield |
(5) Easy work-up |
(6) Absence of hazardous organic solvents |
|
|
— |
DCM (play solvent and reactant role) |
70 °C |
12 h |
|
(1) Simplicity of operation |
Rawat et al.106
|
(2) Mild conditions |
(3) High functional group tolerance |