Table 3.
Results of subjective measures (VAS scores) for each aroma condition
| VAS score | Condition | Rest (R1) | Task (T) | Rest (R2) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | ||
| Nervousness | DPG | 31.2 | (22.6) | 32.4 | (19.7) | 25.5 | (18.4) |
| BLP | 24.0 | (17.1) | 41.4 | (20.1) | 23.4 | (19.0) | |
| GIN | 24.1 | (19.4) | 35.0 | (19.9) | 20.3 | (16.6) | |
| Effort | DPG | 30.8 | (20.4) | 50.7 | (22.7) | 26.9 | (20.6) |
| BLP | 25.7 | (19.5) | 49.9 | (20.7) | 24.7 | (21.7) | |
| GIN | 25.5 | (21.3) | 49.8 | (23.0) | 22.8 | (17.7) | |
| Concentration | DPG | 40.6 | (22.7) | 50.1 | (22.9) | 31.8 | (21.0) |
| BLP | 38.0 | (22.7) | 53.4 | (24.8) | 29.3 | (21.4) | |
| GIN | 35.2 | (23.9) | 45.8 | (24.9) | 30.5 | (24.6) | |
| Fatigue | DPG | 28.2 | (21.3) | 51.0 | (23.7) | 39.6 | (23.5) |
| BLP | 22.4 | (18.8) | 49.0 | (21.0) | 41.8 | (22.1) | |
| GIN | 25.8 | (20.2) | 51.2 | (21.6) | 35.8 | (18.1) | |
| Irritation | DPG | 20.2 | (19.5) | 30.1 | (21.1) | 22.2 | (17.9) |
| BLP | 17.4 | (17.0) | 26.6 | (17.6) | 22.8 | (18.1) | |
| GIN | 18.9 | (16.7) | 34.2 | (20.2) | 17.9 | (15.8) | |
| Boredom | DPG | 39.0 | (21.4) | 28.3 | (20.6) | 43.2 | (20.7) |
| BLP | 39.1 | (21.3) | 25.7 | (19.6) | 43.5 | (19.1) | |
| GIN | 42.3 | (19.7) | 27.0 | (18.2) | 41.6 | (20.3) | |
| Fed-up | DPG | 25.1 | (21.7) | 36.7 * | (20.3) | 30.2 | (23.7) |
| BLP | 23.4 | (15.1) | 30.0 * | (17.4) | 30.3 | (18.5) | |
| GIN | 25.4 | (17.9) | 38.3 | (22.1) | 28.7 | (18.0) | |
DPG dipropylene glycol, BLP black pepper, GIN ginger, VAS visual analog scale, SD standard deviation; * p = 0.049, Bonferroni-corrected comparison between each condition