Table 2.
Pre- and Posttreatment Outcomes for Abbreviated, Intensive, Multi-Couple Group Cognitive-Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
| Outcome | Least Squares Mean (Standard Error) | Pretreatment/1-Month Posttreatment | Pretreatment/3-Month Posttreatment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pretreatment | 1-Month Posttreatment |
3-Month Posttreatment |
t (23) | d (95% CI) | t (23) | d (95% CI) | |
| CAPS-5 | |||||||
| Patient† | 34.25 (1.37) | 26.60 (1.96) | 24.62 (2.30) | −3.71* | −0.77 (−1.21, −0.34) | −4.68* | −0.98 (−1.41, −0.54) |
| Partner | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| PCL-5†† | |||||||
| Patient | 48.79 (2.51) | 37.09 (3.25) | 31.31 (3.01) | −3.52* | −0.73 (−1.17, −0.30) | −5.63* | −1.17 (−1.60, −0.74) |
| Partner | 42.39 (3.66) | 33.70 (3.68) | 27.33 (4.05) | −1.99^ | −0.42 (−0.87, 0.02) | −2.65* | −0.56 (−1.01, −0.12) |
| PHQ-9 | |||||||
| Patient | 16.25 (0.86) | 12.42 (1.30) | 11.79 (0.95) | −2.86* | −0.60 (−1.03, −0.16) | −3.58* | −0.75 (−1.18, −0.31) |
| Partner | 4.71 (0.93) | 4.64 (1.34) | 2.94 (0.81) | −0.05 | −0.01 (−0.44, 0.42) | −2.24* | −0.47 (−0.90, −0.04) |
| GAD-7 | |||||||
| Patient | 15.21 (0.79) | 11.54 (1.13) | 11.69 (1.05) | −3.02* | −0.63 (−1.06, −0.20) | −3.50* | −0.73 (−1.16, −0.30) |
| Partner | 5.50 (1.17) | 4.34 (1.12) | 2.46 (0.71) | −0.91 | −0.19 (−0.62, 0.24) | −2.86* | −0.60 (−1.03 −0.17) |
| STAXI-2 | |||||||
| Patient | 26.04 (1.94) | 21.35 (2.06) | 21.30 (1.40) | −2.14* | −0.45 (−0.88, −0.02) | −2.87* | −0.60 (−1.03, −0.17) |
| Partner | 17.67 (0.90) | 18.00 (1.29) | 17.30 (2.03) | 0.21 | 0.04 (−0.39, 0.48) | −0.17 | −0.04 (−0.47, 0.40) |
| CSI | |||||||
| Patient | 110.17 (6.56) | 112.48 (7.60) | 113.33 (8.06) | 0.35 | 0.07 (−0.36, 0.50) | 0.49 | 0.10 (−0.33, 0.53) |
| Partner | 104.50 (7.18) | 113.57 (7.94) | 119.03 (7.15) | 1.91^ | 0.40 (−0.03, 0.83) | 2.52* | 0.53 (0.09, 0.96) |
Note. N = 24 couples. CI = confidence interval; CAPS-5 = Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5; PCL-5 = Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener; STAXI-2 = State Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 State Subscale; CSI = Couples Satisfaction Index. * p < .05, ^ p < .10.
The 1-month follow-up data for one patient were deemed invalid by the Consortium to Alleviate PTSD Assessment Core; thus, that participant’s data for that time point were not included in the analyses.
At 2-week follow-up, the least squares mean for PCL-5 for patients = 41.13 (2.95) and was significantly different from baseline: t(23) = −2.71, p = .013; d = −0.57 (−1.00, −0.13). At 2-week follow-up, the least squares mean for partner ratings of patient PTSD symptom severity on the PCL-5 = 29.53 (3.25) and was significantly different from baseline: t(22) = −3.63, p = .002; d = −0.77 (−1.22, −0.33). Because one partner’s ratings of patient PTSD symptom severity at baseline and 2-week follow-up were deemed to be outliers at p < .01 based on Grubbs’ test (Grubbs, 1969), and therefore invalid, that partner’s ratings were not included in the estimation of the least-squares means or the calculation of effect sizes for that outcome. Thus, the degrees of freedom for collateral ratings of patient PTSD symptom severity on the PCL-5 is 22 instead of 23.