Table 2.

Summary of PP-based membrane fabrication, feature, and application

Sl. No	Materials	Fabrication technique	Feature	Application	References
1	PP, zeolite, polycarbonate	Melt blown	Highly efficient and can filter PM2.5	Air filtration	[96]
2	PP, zeolitic imidazolate, copper(II), benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate	In-situ growth of nano-metal–organic frameworks	Ultra-stable PP membrane	Air filtration	[97]
3	PP	Electrospinning	Nanoparticle filtration by symmetric PP hollow-fiber membranes	Air filtration	[98]
4	PP, CNT	Melt Electrospinning	Higher conductivity, high tensile strength, excellent hydrophobicity	Filters, protein adsorption and desorption, electrochemical sensors, tissue engineering, protective clothing	[99]
5	Syndiotactic PP	Electrospinning	High AC breakdown strength and high melting point	High voltage cable insulation	[100]
6	PP, polyvinyl alcohol	Solution electrospun and melt electrospun combined	Reject more than 96% of the 0.5 µm particles	Water filter	[101]
7	PP, poly (vinylidene fluoride), sodium perchlorate	Electrospinning	High ionic conductivity, high discharge capacities, excellent cycle performance	Battery	[102]
8	PP, polyvinyl alcohol	Electrospinning	More than 99% salt rejection	Water filter distillation	[103]
9	β-nucleated isotactic PP, β-nucleating agent (WBG)	Electrospinning	Tensile strength increases with increasing the WBG	Filtration, protective clothing, composites reinforcement, tissue engineering	[104]
10	PP, polyvinyl alcohol, zeolite midazole frameworks-8	Melt-blown electrospun	Filtration efficacy 96.5% for PM2.5, 33.34N tensile strength	Air filtration	[105]
11	PP, poly (ethylene glycol)	Solution electrospinning	Rapid catalytic reduction of methylene blue dye	Water filter	[106]
12	PP	Electrospinning	Water removal from ultra-low sulfur diesel efficiencies reaching 99%	Water filter	[107]
13	PP	Melt-electrospinning	Protection performance 95%; air permeability 100 cm3/s/cm2	Air filtration, water filter	[72]
14	PP, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-chloropropy, poly(vinylidene fluoride)	Electrospinning	Porosity 63.0%, electrolyte uptake 271.4%; tensile strength 31.6 MPa; elongation at break 39.0%,	Battery	[108]