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. 2024 Jan 2;14:234. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50652-w

Table 9.

Post hoc tests and percent differences regarding the effect of Froude number on root mean squares of lumbosacral (top section) and thoracolumbar (bottom section) joint reaction forces. Post hoc tests were nonparametric Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.

Froude A Froude B Comp AP shear ML shear
% diff P % diff P % diff P
0.1 (Walk) 0.2 (Walk) − 7.9 0.006 − 9.8 0.004 − 12.3 0.084
0.1 (Walk) 0.3 (Walk) − 14.9 0.002 − 19.4 0.002 − 33.2 0.037
0.1 (Walk) 0.6 (Run) − 56.4 0.002 − 59.0 0.002 − 67.4 0.002
0.1 (Walk) 0.8 (Run) − 59.3 0.002 − 62.2 0.002 − 72.8 0.002
0.1 (Walk) 1.0 (Run) − 60.6 0.002 − 63.6 0.002 − 74.3 0.002
0.2 (Walk) 0.3 (Walk) − 7.5 0.002 − 10.6 0.002 − 23.8 0.002
0.2 (Walk) 0.6 (Run) − 52.6 0.002 − 54.6 0.002 − 62.9 0.010
0.2 (Walk) 0.8 (Run) − 55.8 0.002 − 58.1 0.002 − 68.9 0.006
0.2 (Walk) 1.0 (Run) − 57.3 0.002 − 59.6 0.002 − 70.7 0.004
0.3 (Walk) 0.6 (Run) − 48.8 0.002 − 49.2 0.002 − 51.3 0.037
0.3 (Walk) 0.8 (Run) − 52.2 0.002 − 53.1 0.002 − 59.3 0.027
0.3 (Walk) 1.0 (Run) − 53.8 0.002 − 54.9 0.002 − 61.5 0.014
0.6 (Run) 0.8 (Run) − 6.7 0.006 − 7.8 0.004 − 16.4 0.084
0.6 (Run) 1.0 (Run) − 9.8 0.004 − 11.1 0.004 − 21.1 0.064
0.8 (Run) 1.0 (Run) − 3.3 0.193 − 3.6 0.064 − 5.6 0.064
0.1 (Walk) 0.2 (Walk) − 6.4 0.010 2.4 0.275 − 20.9 0.064
0.1 (Walk) 0.3 (Walk) − 12.7 0.002 − 0.9 0.846 − 32.6 0.002
0.1 (Walk) 0.6 (Run) − 52.5 0.002 8.2 0.232 − 71.5 0.002
0.1 (Walk) 0.8 (Run) − 54.9 0.002 12.1 0.322 − 73.8 0.002
0.1 (Walk) 1.0 (Run) − 56.4 0.002 6.5 0.275 − 76.0 0.002
0.2 (Walk) 0.3 (Walk) − 6.7 0.002 − 3.2 0.232 − 14.8 0.010
0.2 (Walk) 0.6 (Run) − 49.2 0.002 5.6 0.322 − 64.0 0.002
0.2 (Walk) 0.8 (Run) − 51.8 0.002 9.4 0.322 − 66.9 0.002
0.2 (Walk) 1.0 (Run) − 53.3 0.002 4.0 0.375 − 69.7 0.002
0.3 (Walk) 0.6 (Run) − 45.5 0.002 9.1 0.375 − 57.7 0.002
0.3 (Walk) 0.8 (Run) − 48.3 0.002 13.1 0.275 − 61.1 0.002
0.3 (Walk) 1.0 (Run) − 50.0 0.002 7.4 0.322 − 64.4 0.002
0.6 (Run) 0.8 (Run) − 5.2 0.020 3.6 0.770 − 8.1 0.027
0.6 (Run) 1.0 (Run) − 8.2 0.004 − 1.5 1.000 − 15.8 0.010
0.8 (Run) 1.0 (Run) − 3.2 0.322 − 5.0 0.492 − 8.4 0.027

% diff calculated as ((Froude A–Froude B)/Froude B)*100. α=0.003¯ for 15 comparisons across both methods. Comp, compression; AP, anteroposterior; ML, mediolateral.