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. 2024 Jan 2;14:144. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50465-x

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Aβ1-42 seed-induced tau aggregation. (A–C) ThT kinetic assays showing aggregation curves (A) and the corresponding fluorescence (B) as well as STEM (C) images of 10 µM 0N4R tau in the presence of heparin with or without 1–5 µM Aβ1-42 seeds. Note the aggregation of 10 µM 0N4R tau increases as a function of Aβ1-42 seed concentrations which reaches plateaus over time as indicated by ThT fluorescence levels (A). The fluorescence (B) and STEM (C) images reflecting increase tau aggregation with increasing concentrations of Aβ1-42 seed were taken following 40 h incubation. (D,E) DLS analysis showing differential increase in the diameter of aggregated tau as a function of Aβ1-42 seed concentrations in the presence of heparin following 40 h incubation as depicted by size distribution curves (D) and and histogram (E) representing average aggregate size (left side Y axis) and mean peaks of tau aggregates for a given condition (right side Y axis). (F–J) ThT kinetic assays showing the spontaneous aggregation curves (F) and the corresponding fluorescence (G) as well as STEM (H) images of 10 µM 0N4R tau in the absence of heparin with or without 1–5 µM Aβ1-42 seeds. Note the aggregation of 10 µM 0N4R tau increases as a function of Aβ1-42 seed concentrations which reaches plateaus over time as indicated by ThT fluorescence levels. Different concentrations of Aβ1-42 seed without tau is found to aggregate to a lesser extent (F). The fluorescence (G) and STEM (H) images reflecting tau aggregation with increasing concentrations of Aβ1-42 seed were taken following 40 h incubation. (I,J) DLS analysis showing differential increase in the diameter of aggregated tau as a function of Aβ1-42 seed concentrations in the absence of heparin following 40 h incubation as depicted by size distribution curves (I) and and histogram (J) representing average aggregate size (left side Y axis) and mean peaks of tau aggregates for a given condition (right side Y axis). All ThT kinetic graphs represented average mean ± SEM of three separate experiments, each performed with six replicates for each condition.