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. 2024 Jan 2;14:82. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50773-2

Table 2.

Comparison of efficiency of Hal-IL with control catalysts for dehydration of fructose to HMF.

Entry Catalyst HMF yield (%)
1 Hal 15
2 Hal-IL-1 54%
3 Hal-IL 98.5%

Reaction conditions: catalyst loading 30 wt%, temperature 100 °C, time 100 min.