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. 2023 Dec 31;20(4):1358–1379. doi: 10.14245/ns.2346824.412

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Copyright © 2023 by the Korean Spinal Neurosurgery Society

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 5. — Immunofluorescence staining showing the expression of GFAP and CSPGs in spinal cord on day 14 after SCI. (A1–E2) Representative images of GFAP and CSPGs immunostaining (red, arrows) in injured spinal cords in the control (A1, A2), NAEA (B1, B2), EA (C1, C2), MSCs (D1, D2), and MSCs+EA (E1, E2) groups. Scale bar=200 μm. ※ indicates the center of the lesion. (F1, F2) Quantitative analysis of the percentage of GFAP and CSPGs immunostaining area in the 5 groups. Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation (n=5). GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; CSPG, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan; SCI, spinal cord injury; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell; EA, electroacupuncture; NA-EA, nonacupoint EA. Compared with the control group, ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01; compared with the NA-EA group, ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01; compared with the EA group, ^&&p < 0.01.