Table 3.

Association between iodine status and thyroid volume and goiter-US.

Category	UIC, μg/L	n	Thyroid volume (β, 95% CI)		Goiter-US (OR, 95% CI)
					Age-specific criteria		BSA-specific criteria
			Unadjusted	Adjusteda	Unadjusted	Adjusteda	Unadjusted	Adjusteda
Adequate	100–299	48	0 (reference)	0 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
Deficient	<100	12	0.09 (−0.38, 0.54)	0.07 (−0.39, 0.52)	3.50 (0.81, 15.29)	3.40 (0.76, 15.18)	2.41 (0.64, 9.09)	2.12 (0.55, 8.13)
Mild excessive	300–499	35	0.02 (−0.31, 0.33)	−0.01 (−0.33, 0.3)	2.08 (0.65, 6.65)	1.94 (0.59, 6.35)	1.35 (0.5, 3.65)	1.46 (0.53, 4.01)
Moderate excessive	500–999	49	0.12 (−0.17, 0.41)	0.16 (−0.12, 0.45)	2.80 (0.98, 8.06)	3.14 (1.07, 9.21)b	2.14 (0.88, 5.17)	2.35 (0.95, 5.81)
Severe excessive	≥ 1000	84	0.23 (−0.04, 0.49)	0.18 (−0.07, 0.44)	3.32 (1.26, 8.76)b	3.11 (1.16, 8.34)b	2.29 (1.03, 5.10)b	2.49 (1.09, 5.66)b

^aAdjusted for age, sex, and body mass index Z-scores; ^bP < 0.05.

OR, odds ratio; UIC, urine iodine concentration; US, ultrasound..