. 2024 Jan 2;17:7. doi: 10.1186/s13104-023-06667-7

Table 2.

Associations between generalised and institutional trust in wave 1 (age 15–16) and depression and anxiety symptoms in wave 3 (age 20–21). Results from binary logistic and linear regression models. n = 2,668

	Depression symptoms (PHQ-2, cutoff ≥ 3), wave 3
	Crude^a		Model 1^b		Model 2^c		Model 3^d
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Generalised trust, wave 1	0.65***	0.53, 0.78	0.79*	0.65, 0.96			0.79*	0.64, 0.97
Institutional trust, wave 1	0.76**	0.64, 0.90			0.93	0.77, 1.11	0.99	0.82, 1.20
	Anxiety symptoms (GAD-2, cutoff ≥ 3), wave 3
	Crude^a		Model 1^b		Model 2^c		Model 3^d
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Generalised trust, wave 1	0.70***	0.58, 0.85	0.87	0.71, 1.06			0.86	0.69, 1.06
Institutional trust, wave 1	0.80**	0.68, 0.94			0.99	0.83, 1.19	1.04	0.86, 1.26
	Depression and anxiety symptoms (PHQ-4, scale 0–12), wave 3
	Crude^a		Model 1^b		Model 2^c		Model 3^d
	b	95% CI	b	95% CI	b	95% CI	b	95% CI
Generalised trust, wave 1	-0.81***	-1.05, -0.58	-0.42***	-0.65, -0.19			-0.45***	-0.70, -0.20
Institutional trust, wave 1	-0.43***	-0.65, -0.21			-0.04	-0.27, 0.18	0.09	-0.15, 0.33

*** p < 0.001 **p < 0.01 *p < 0.05

^a Includes one variable at a time, controlling for gender

^b Includes generalised trust, gender, parental education, parental country of birth, medication for depression and anxiety, and psychosomatic complaints (all measured in wave 1)

^c Includes institutional trust, gender, parental education, parental country of birth, medication for depression and anxiety, and psychosomatic complaints (all measured in wave 1)

^d Includes generalised and institutional trust, gender, parental education, parental country of birth, medication for depression and anxiety, and psychosomatic complaints (all measured in wave 1)